A Review of Emerging Technologies in Diabetes Management for Multiple-Dose Insulin-Injecting Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Who Self-monitor Blood Glucose

Abstract

Objective: The management of diabetes mellitus requires a precise interpretation of blood glucose (BG) data by patients and providers and is increasingly associated with a need for medical technologies that aid in achieving patient-specific outcomes while making the process convenient. This review aims to summarize the current landscape in diabetes management technology, focusing specifically on devices that assist with pattern management in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) who are on multiple-dose insulin regimens. Data Sources: The authors searched MEDLINE to identify articles from 2007 to 2018 that evaluated technologies for BG pattern management and diabetes monitoring. Additional references were generated through review of identified literature citations. Article selection was based on mutual agreement for inclusion. Data Selection and Data Extraction: Relevant articles were defined as English-language articles, describing technologies that assist with diabetes management in insulin-injecting patients with T2DM. Articles that focused exclusively on type 1 diabetes were excluded. Data Synthesis: The literature search yielded 334 articles, of which 21 were included for synthesis. The current BG monitoring practices emphasize the benefit of the structured self-monitoring of BG approach. Several randomized controlled trials conclude that the available technology aids in comprehensive data collection and facilitates communication between patients and providers. Digitally enabled “smart” devices are valuable tools that may help improve outcomes while providing a flexible, personalized approach. Conclusions: Integration of digital technology with diabetes management allows for accurate collection and analysis of data. Emergence of digital tools promotes a comprehensive, precise, and objective approach to glucose monitoring and encourages patient-provider collaborations.