From MAGA to MIGA: Transnational reflections of US right-wing narratives in Iranian online spaces

Abstract

Digital social media enables resistance against authoritarian governments and powerful institutions, while at the same time serving as a tool to suppress social movements and awareness efforts. The rise of authoritarian capitalism, nationalism, and right-wing ideology in US social media, influence political and social discourses not only in the United States but also throughout the world. One example is Iran, and the ways in which othering and alienating rhetoric from the United States are being employed in the context of Iran. This essay examines the rise of right-wing authoritarianism and nationalism in the United States through its reflections on Iran's virtual space in the months leading to the 12 Day Iran–Israel conflict. First, we explore how US far-right trends notably resonate in anti-Afghan immigrant and war rhetoric, and how they are utilized by the pro-Islamic regime, and far-right opposition groups (mostly known as Monarchists) to silence any anti-war voices and suppress minority groups such as Afghan immigrants, Kurds, and feminist-queer activists. Specifically, we explore the complex dynamics between January and June 2025—a period marked by the resurgence of conservative right-wing forces in the United States, and escalating conflicts between Iran and Israel—reflected in dominant trends spreading on Iranian digital space. Through this analysis, we highlight the role of digital technologies in building and sustaining authoritarian rule and the diminishing relevance of geographic borders in spreading oppressive narratives. Finally, we argue that understanding these discursive connections is crucial for crafting effective strategies against the rising tide of digital authoritarianism.