Qualitative Analysis of Coping Strategies Among Older Persons During COVID-19 Lockdown in Nigeria: Considerations for Community Health Promotion

Abstract

Background: The challenge of COVID-19 and the disease control restrictions in Nigeria directly affected social life. Older adults were disproportionately affected because of social vulnerabilities, socio-economic dependency, and the high risk of COVID-19 infectious disease in the population.Purpose: To this end, the study explored the instrumental coping strategies of older adults duirng the COVID-19 lockdown in Nigeria.

Research Design: An exploratory research design using qualitative approach based on in-depth interviews was adopted.

Study Sample: Twenty-seven (27) older adults aged 60 years and more in Ibadan, Nigeria were purposively selected for participation in the research.

Data Collection and/or Analysis: Community living older adults participated in in-depth telephone interviews during the COVID-19 restrictions. Using Atlas ti 8.4, the 27 transcripts were analyzed and validated through content analysis.

Results: Older adults coped with fear, anxiety, depression, and other health challenges, and three major themes emerged as problem-focused coping strategies. Older adults explored spirituality, engaged in their social networks through telephones, and focused on a healthy diet and physical activities.

Conclusions: Community health promotion strategies for older adults should explore the identified problem-focused coping strategies to optimize the health and wellbeing of older adults.