J.U.S.T.I.C.E.: A Transformative Framework for Psychotherapy and Prevention with Black Male University Students

Abstract

Black male students at Historically White Colleges and Universities face persistent exposure to racial oppression, which contributes to psychological distress and academic disengagement. This paper introduces the J.U.S.T.I.C.E. model, a culturally responsive framework designed to support the health of Black male university students by addressing the cumulative effects of gendered racism and institutional marginalization. Informed by an empirical synthesis of qualitative research, the model offers seven core principles: Black Joy, Unity, Strengths-Based Approaches, Truth-Telling, Introspection, Compassion, and Equity, to guide clinical intervention and promote emotional healing. The J.U.S.T.I.C.E. model supports individual therapy and prevention-oriented approaches that strengthen pathways into care. Clinical recommendations include (a) centralizing Black joy as a form of healing and resistance; (b) supporting clients in naming the impact of oppression with affirmation and support; and (c) moving beyond acknowledging oppression by helping clients define justice in their own terms. At the prevention and health promotion level, the framework also emphasizes (a) implementing peer counseling programs that center Black male students and culturally matched support; (b) leveraging culturally affirming digital outreach through counseling center social media and online content; and (c) strengthening campus programs and partnerships that normalize dialogue about racial equity, belonging, and collective care.