Lubricating oil plays an important role in minimizing the friction and wear of many mechanical systems. The additives present in the conventional lubricant are inadequate to reduce the friction and wear of today’s mechanical systems. However, the use of these additives has a significant effect on the environment due to their fast chemical degradation. In recent years, nanoparticle-based lubricant has attracted great attention due to their friction reduction behavior. Therefore, it is of great importance to examine the role of nanoparticle addition in the conventional lubricant and its influence on the tribological characteristics of the mechanical systems. Hence, this research work focused on the formulation of hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticle-based nanofluids and its effect on the tribological characteristics of cylinder liner and piston rings of a realistic diesel engine. The different concentrations of hBN nanoparticle-based nanofluids were formulated and characterized using the ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and the thermal gravimetric analysis. The results of the experimental analysis showed that hBN nanoparticles as an additive in the lubricating oil exhibited better anti-wear and friction reduction behavior than the conventional base oil 20W40.
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