The traditional framing of India’s approach to the Palestine question is inadequate to explain the bourgeoning relations with Israel. Anti-colonialism through which Indian leaders and elites viewed the problem was important, but there are other issues, especially the religious dimension as manifested by the Congress–Muslim League rivalry, which influenced the Indian thinking. The prolonged depiction of the Indian position vis-à-vis Palestine through a moral prism became untenable in the wake of the normalization of relations with Israel in 1992 and hence it is essential to view the Palestine policy of India through a realist prism.
Agwani, M.S. (1963). India and West Asia. International Studies, 5(1), 169–171.
2.
Agwani, M.S. (1971). The Palestinian conflict in Asian perspective. In IbrahimAbu-Lughod (Ed.), The transformation of Palestine (pp. 443–462). Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
3.
Aiyar, Mani Shankar. (1993, June6). Chutzpah. Sunday, Calcutta, pp. 14–17.
4.
Aiyar, Mani Shankar. (2016). Do Pakistan and China pose a hurdle for closer cooperation between Europe and India in West Asia?Unpublished background paper for the conference on aligning regional interests India and Europe in the Indian Ocean and Middle East organized by Carnegie India in New Delhi.
5.
Appadorai, A. (1981). Domestic roots of India’s foreign policy, 1947–1972. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
6.
Azaryahu, Maoz, & Reiter, Yitzhak. (2015). The geopolitics of interment: An inquiry into the burial of Muhammed Ali in Jerusalem, 1931. Israel Studies, 20(1), 31–56.
7.
Brecher, Michael. (1951). Nehru: A political biography. London: Oxford University Press.
8.
Chawla, Sandeep. (1985). The Palestine issue in Indian politics in the 1920s. In MushirulHasan (Ed.), Communal and pan-Islamic trends in Colonial India (pp. 43–58). New Delhi: Manohar.
Khalidi, Omar. (2009). Indian Muslims and Palestinian Awqaf. Jerusalem Quarterly, 40, 52–58.
21.
Kumaraswamy, P.R. (1992). Mahatma Gandhi and the Jewish national home: An assessment. Asian and African Studies, 26(1), 1–13.
22.
Kumaraswamy, P.R. (2007). Islam and minorities: Need for a liberal framework. Mediterranean Quarterly, 18(3), 94–109.
23.
Kumaraswamy, P.R. (2010). India’s Israel policy. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
24.
Kupferschmidt, Uri M. (1978). The general Muslim Congress of 1931 in Jerusalem. Asian and African Studies, 12(1), 123–162.
25.
Kutty, Faisal. (1994). Hindu extremists seek ties with Israel and its U.S. lobby, Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, p. 41.
26.
Lewis, Bernard. (1984). The Jews of Islam. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
27.
Maoz, Moshe. (Ed.). (2010). Muslim attitudes to Jews and Israel: The ambivalences of contempt, antagonism, tolerance and cooperation. Brighton, UK: Sussex Academic Press.
Minault, Gail. (1999). The Khilafat movement: Religious symbolism and political mobilization in India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
31.
Mukherjee, Pranab. (2015). Address by the President of India, Shri Pranab Mukerjee to the Knesset, 14 October. President of India. Retrieved December 31, 2016, from http://presidentofindia.nic.in/speeches-detail.htm?441
32.
Nanda, B.R. (1989). Gandhi: Pan-Islamism, imperialism and nationalism in India. Bombay: Oxford University Press.
33.
National Archives of India (NAI). (1947). Abdur Rahman to Jawaharlal Nehru (July 15, 1947), NAI, F-2(16)-UNO-I/47.
34.
Nehru, Jawaharlal. (1936). Letter to Immanual Olsvanger, 25 September, Central Zionist Archives, Jerusalem, S25/3583.
35.
Ozcan, Azmi. (1997). Pan-Islamism: Indian Muslims, the Ottomans and Britain (1877–1924). Leiden: Brill.
Ramakrishnan, A.K. (2014). Gandhi on Zionism and Palestinian question. In GithaHariharan (Ed.), From India to Palestine: Essays in solidarity (pp. 15–43). New Delhi: LeftWord.
41.
Shimoni, Gideon. (1977). Gandhi, Satyagraha and the Jews: A formative factor in India’s policy towards Israel. Jerusalem Papers on Peace Problems, No. 22. Jerusalem: Leonard Davis Institute for International Relations.
42.
Singh, Gurbachan. (2006). Oral history: India at the Rabat Islamic Summit, 1969. Indian Foreign Affairs Journal, 1(2), 105–120.
