The Combined Contribution of Social Support and Occupational Factors in Promoting Post-Traumatic Growth in Nurses Caring for COVID-19 Patients: A Correlational Study

Abstract

Background:

During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) that began in March 2020, nurses encountered unprecedented challenges, leading to significant physical and psychological distress. This study investigated the factors contributing to posttraumatic growth (PTG) among nurses following the pandemic, focusing on personal, social, and organizational predictors.

Methods:

This cross-sectional correlational study used survey data from 307 nurses who provided direct care to COVID-19 patients. Participants completed an online survey that included items on demographic information, trauma experiences, social support from personal and work relationships, occupational factors (e.g., resource availability, job conditions, job satisfaction), and PTG. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to identify the significant predictors of PTG.

Findings:

Coworker support was the strongest predictor of PTG, followed by job conditions, job satisfaction, and personal interactions. Resource availability, specifically that of mechanical ventilators, also significantly predicted PTG. However, supervisor support and PPE availability of personal protective equipment did not significantly influence PTG.

Conclusion:

This study contributes to the literature on PTG at work by examining the effects of occupational enablers and proposing practical interventions for healthcare organizations.

Application to Practice:

Our findings suggest that occupational health practices should focus on enhancing peer support, improving working conditions, ensuring adequate resources, and providing comprehensive mental health support. These measures can help promote nurses’ PTG and ensure their well-being following a traumatic event.