Le metastasi spinali in età pediatrica

Abstract

English

Il rachide e il suo contenuto costituiscono in età pediatrica sede infrequente di localizzazione metastatica di neoplasie primitive del Sistema Nervoso Centrale o di altri organi. La classificazione delle metastasi spinali si basa attualmente sulla loro localizzazione in rapporto ai diversi compartimenti interessati: si distinguono pertanto metastasi extradurali, intradurali-extramidollari e intramidollari. A partire dal 1989, anno di introduzione della RM nel nostro Istituto, 123 bambini affetti da neoplasie primitive del Sistema Nervoso Centrale o di altri organi sono stati sottoposti a esame RM per la valutazione del rachide e del suo contenuto; in 13 di essi sono state riscontrate localizzazioni secondarie a tale livello. Si è messo in luce il comportamento neuroradiologico relativamente aspecifico delle metastasi stesse, che pone problemi talvolta complessi nella diagnosi differenziale sia con le neoplasie primitive che con processi patologici non neoplastici.

Si ribadisce come la RM costituisca oggi la metodica elettiva per la ricerca e lo studio delle metastasi spinali, da eseguire anche all'esordio, anche se, a tutt'oggi, un ruolo di primo piano spetta ancora a indagini complementari, quali la citologia liquorale.

Keywords

rachide midollo spinale metastasi TC pediatria

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