Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online 2018-2
Brain positron emission tomography with 2- 18 F-2-deoxi-D-glucose of patients with dystonia and essential tremor detects differences between these disorders
We studied patients with dystonia (D) and essential tremor (ET) using positron emission tomography (PET) equipped with Cortex ID software. This allowed PET brain visualisation to be compared to scans of a control group by means of the z-score. The study revealed hypo-metabolism in both D and ET groups, and additionally revealed a difference between these two groups of patients in certain areas of the brain. These two nosological forms overlap in clinical features and are difficult to differentiate. The PET picture may help to provide a differential diagnosis in addition to the biochemical difference in dopamine exchange previously revealed by us in this group of patients.
BelenkyVVStanzhevskyAATutinLAet al.PET in dystonia and essential tremor. Meditsinskaya Vizualizatsia2010; 5: 77–82.
2.
SongIParkJChungSet al.Brain SPECT can differentiate between essential tremor and early-stage tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease. Clin Neurosci2014; 21: 1533–1537.
3.
AkdemirÖTokçaerBKarakusAet al.Brain F-FDG PET imaging in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonism. Clin Nucl Med2014; 39: 220–226.
4.
BrajkovicLKosticVSobic-SaranovicDet al.The utility of FDG-PET in the differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism. Neurol Res2017; 5: 1–10.
5.
MinoshimaSFreyKKoeppeRet al.Diagnostic approach in Alzheimer’s disease using three-dimensional stereotactic surface projections of fluorine-18-FDG PET. J Nucl Med1995; 36: 1238–1248.
6.
TalairachJTournouxP. Co-planar stereotaxic atlas of the human brain: 3-dimensional proportional system – an approach to cerebral imaging, New York: Thieme Medical Publishers, 1988.
7.
ChaseTTammingaCBurrowsH. Positron emission tomographic studies of regional cerebral glucose metabolism in idiopathic dystonia. Adv Neurol1988; 50: 237–241.
8.
GalardiGPeraniDGrassiFet al.Basal ganglia and thalamo-cortical hypermetabolism in patients with spasmodic torticollis. Acta Neurol Scand1996; 94: 172–176.
9.
TrostMCarbonMEdwardsCet al.Primary dystonia: is abnormal functional brain architecture linked to genotype?Ann Neurol2002; 52: 853–856.
10.
GilmanSJunckLYoungAet al.Cerebral metabolic activity in idiopathic dystonia studied with positron emission tomography. Adv Neurol1988; 50: 231–236.
11.
MartinWStoesslAPalmerMet al.PET scanning in dystonia. Adv Neurol1988; 50: 223–229.
12.
OtsukaMIchiyaYShimaFet al.Increased striatal 18 dopa uptake and normal glucose metabolism in idiopathic dystonia syndrome. J Neurol Sci1992; 111: 145–149.
13.
EidelbergD. Regional metabolic covariation in ITD with 18FDG PET. Mov Disord1992; 2: 297.
14.
KarbeHHolthoffVRudolfJet al.Positron emission tomography demonstrates frontal cortex and basal ganglia hypometabolism in dystonia. Neurology1992; 42: 1540–1544.
15.
ColebatchJFindleyLFrackowiakR. Preliminary report: activation of the cerebellum in essential tremor. Lancet1990; 336: 1028–1030.
16.
JenkinsIBainPColebatchJet al.A positron emission tomography study of essential tremor: evidence for overactivity of cerebellar connections. Ann Neurol1993; 34: 82–90.
17.
WillsAJenkinsIThomsonPet al.Red nuclear and cerebellar but no olivary activation associated with essential tremor: a positron emission tomographic study. Ann Neurol1994; 36: 636–642.
18.
WillsAJenkinsIThompsonPet al.A positron emission tomography study of cerebral activation associated with essential and writing tremor. Arch Neurol1995; 52: 299–305.
19.
HaSYangYSongIet al.Changes in regional brain glucose metabolism measured with F-18-FDG-PET in essential tremor. Acta Radiol2015; 56: 482–486.
20.
SharifiSNederveenABooijJet al.Neuroimaging essentials in essential tremor: a systematic review. Neuroimage Clin2014; 5: 217–231.
21.
GerasimouGCostaDCPapanastasiouEet al.SPECT study with I-123-Ioflupane (DaTSCAN) in patients with essential tremor.. Is there any correlation with Parkinson’s disease?Ann Nucl Med2012; 26: 337–344.
22.
DellavedovaLGiorgettiAMaffioliLet al.Impact of 123I-ioflupane SPECT in patient management: essential tremor. Clin Nucl Med2016; 41: 154–155.
23.
GarrauxGPhillipsCSchrouffJet al.Multiclass classification of FDGPET scans for the distinction between Parkinson’s disease and atypical parkinsonian syndromes. Neuroimage Clin2013; 14: 883–893.
24.
BurnDJSawleGVBrooksDJ. Differential diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease, multiple system atrophy, and Steele–Richardson–Olszewski syndrome: discriminant analysis of striatal 18F-dopa PET data. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry1994; 57: 278–584.
25.
FischmanAJ. Role of [F]-dopa-PET imaging in assessing movement disorders. Radiol Clin North Am2005; 43: 93–106.
26.
DarcourtJSchiazzaASapinNet al.F-FDOPA PET for the diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging2014; 58: 355–365.
