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Abstract

Purpose

This study examines the impact of facility design on patient experiences in substance abuse treatment centers.

Background

Therapeutic architecture enhances rehabilitation environments by incorporating sound, light, color, privacy, and views to promote healing. Thoughtful design can reduce stress, improve wellbeing, and support recovery and reintegration.

Method

A survey was conducted between October 2022 and May 2023, comprising 25 questions focused on privacy, safety, autonomy, social interaction, and technology. The survey included 67 participants, made up of healthcare designers and individuals with substance abuse histories, with data analyzed using Qualtrics XM and NVivo 12.

Results

Key themes of privacy, safety, autonomy, social interaction, and technology emerged. Participants emphasized the need for private spaces for communication, uncluttered environments, and staff monitoring for safety. Designs allowing patients control over lighting and temperature increased autonomy. Supportive environments, including art, enhanced social interaction. While opinions on virtual reality's usefulness varied, designers viewed it as a valuable distraction tool.

Discussion

The findings highlight the significant influence of environmental design on patient engagement and healing. Essential elements include privacy, safe layouts, home-like settings, and social support areas. Both patients and designers valued autonomy over environmental controls, such as lighting and temperature. Although virtual reality showed potential benefits, concerns were raised about its effects on safety and stigma.

Conclusion

Effective environmental design is crucial to improving patient experiences and engagement in substance abuse treatment. Key factors include privacy, safety, autonomy, home-like environments, and supportive social spaces, with virtual reality offering additional but debated benefits.

Keywords

experience design healthcare design substance abuse behavioral health patient engagement environmental design mock-up addiction

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Design Strategies to Foster Improved Experiences for Patients in Rehabilitation