A study was conducted to determine the chemical composition and the antibacterial activity of essential oils from Bocageopsis multiflora (Mart.) R.E. Fr., Ephedranthus amazonicus R.E. Fr., Guatteria blepharophylla Mart. and Xylopia aromatica (Lam.) Mart. The essential oils were obtained from the leaves by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The chromatograms showed the predominance of sesquiterpenoids. Spathulenol was the major constituent of oils of B. multiflora (20.3%), X. aromatica (21.5%) and E. amazonicus (16.9%); followed by caryophyllene oxide of G. blepharophylla (55.7%). Other constituents with significant percentages were the sesquiterpenes β-bisabolene (11.9%) in the samples oil of B. multiflora, humulene epoxide II (16.3%) of E. amazonicus, the monoterpenes trans-pinocarveol (10.2%) and dihydrocarveol (11.6%) of X. aromatica. The essential oils of X. aromatica and G. blepharophylla showed strong activity against Gram-positive bacteria Streptococcus sanguinis by microdilution method. The antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus also was detected by G. blepharophylla essential oil.
Di StasiLC, Hiruma-LimaCA. (2002) As Plantas Medicinais na Amazônia e na Mata Atlântica. Vol. 1, UNESP (Ed), São Paulo, Brazil, 604 p.
2.
SiqueiraCAT, OlianiJ, SartorattoA, QueirogaCL, MorenoPRH, ReimãoJQ, TemponeAG, FischerDCH. (2011) Chemical constituents of the volatile oil from leaves of Annona coriacea and in vitro antiprotozoal activity. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 21, 33–40.
3.
CostaEV, PinheiroMLB, SilvaJRA, LameiroBHNSM, DuarteMCT, AmaralACF, MachadoGMC, LeonLLL. (2009) Antimicrobial and antileishmanial activity of essential oil from the leaves of Annona foetida (Annonaceae). Quimica Nova, 32, 78–81.
4.
PalazzoMC, WrightHL, AgiusBR, WrightBS, MoriarityDM, HaberWA, SetzerWN (2009) Chemical compositions and biological activities of leaf essential oils of six species of Annonaceae from Monteverde, Costa Rica. Records of Natural Products, 3, 153–160.
5.
SousaOV, Soares-JúniorDT, Del-VechioG, MattosinhosRG, GattassCR, KaplanMAC. (2004) Atividades antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória do óleo essencial de cascas de Duguetia lanceolata St. Hil., Annonaceae. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 14, 11–14.
6.
CraveiroAA, FernandesAG, AndradeCHS, MatosFJA, AlencarJW, MachadoMIL. (1981) óleos Essenciais de Plantas do Nordeste. Vol. 1, UFC (Ed), Fortaleza, Brazil, 210 p.
7.
EkundayoO. (1989) A review of the volatiles of the Annonaceae. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 1, 223–245.
8.
FournierG, LeboeufM, CavéA. (1999) Annonaceae essential oils: a review. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 11, 131–142.
9.
AndradeEHA, OliveiraJ, ZoghbiMGB. (2007) Volatiles of Anaxagorea dolichocarpa Spreng. & Sandw. and Annona densicoma Mart. growing Wild in the state of Pará, Brazil. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 22, 158–160.
10.
LimaMA, FechineIM, SilvaMS, MaiaJGS, CunhaEVL, Barbosa-FilhoJM. (2003) Alkaloids and volatile constituents from Guatteria juruensis. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 31, 423–425.
11.
MaiaJGS, AndradeEHA, CarreiraLMM, OliveiraJ, AraújoJS. (2005) Essential oils of the Amazon Guatteria and Guatteriopsis species. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 20, 478–480.
12.
TrigoJR, OliveiraJ, AndradeEHA, ZoghbiMGB. (2007) Óleos essenciais de espécies de Annonaceae que ocorrem no Pará: Guatteria schomburgkiana Mart. e Pseudoxandra cuspidata Maas. Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais, 9, 113–116.
13.
CostaEV, TeixeiraSD, MarquesaFA, DuarteMCT, DelarmelinaC, PinheiroMLB, TrigoJR, MaiaBHLNS. (2008) Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of the Amazon Guatteriopsis species. Phytochemistry, 69, 1895–1899.
14.
CostaEV, DutraLM, NogueiraPCD, MoraesVRD, SalvadorMJ, RibeiroLHG, GadelhaFR. (2012). Essential oil from the leaves of Annona vepretorum: chemical composition and bioactivity. Natural Product Communications, 7, 265–266.
15.
CostaEV, DutraLM, JesusHCR, NogueiraPCL, MoraesVRS, SalvadorMJ, CavalcantiSCH, SantosRLC, PrataAPN. (2011) Chemical composition and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and larvicidal activities of the essential oils of Annona salzmannii and A. pickelii (Annonaceae). Natural Product Communications, 6, 907–912.
16.
ValterJL, AlencarKMC, SartoriALB, NascimentoEA, ChangR, MoraisSAL, LauraVA, YoshidaNC, CarolloCA, SilvaDB, GrassiRF, FabriJR, SiqueiraJM. (2008) Variação química no óleo essencial das folhas de seis indivíduos de Duguetia furfuracea (Annonaceae). Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 18, 373–378.
17.
HumeirahAGS, AzahMAN, MailinaJ, MuhajirH, PuadA. (2010) Chemical composition of three Xylopia leaf essential oils from Pasoh Forest Reserve, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 22, 1–4.
18.
LagoJH, ÁvilaPJr, MorenoPRH, LimbergerRP, ApelMA, HenriquesAT. (2003) Analysis, comparison and variation on the chemical composition from the leaf volatile oil of Xylopia aromatica (Annonaceae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 31, 699–672.
19.
DaiDN, HoiTM, ThangTD, OgunwandeIO. (2012). The leaf essential oils of five Vietnamese Desmos species (Annonaceae). Natural Product Communications, 7, 231–234.
20.
BoyomFF, NgouanaV, KemgneEAM, ZolloPHA, MenutC, BessiereJM, GutJ, RosenthalPJ. (2011) Antiplasmodial volatile extracts from Cleistopholis patens Engler & Diels and Uvariastrum pierreanum Engl. (Engl. & Diels) (Annonaceae) growing in Cameroon. Parasitology Research, 108, 1211–1217.
21.
HöferM, DaiDN, ThangTD, JirovetzL, SchmidtE. (2013) Leaf essential oils of six Vietnamese species of Fissistigma (Annonaceae). Natural Product Communications, 8, 663–665.
22.
OliveiraESC, AmaralACF, LimaES, SilvaJRA. (2014) Chemical composition and biological activities of Bocageopsis multiflora essential oil. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 26, 1–5.
23.
AndradeEHA, OliveiraJ, MaiaJGS. (2007) Leaf essential oil composition of Ephedranthus amazonicus R. E. FR. Journal of Essential Oil-Bearing Plants, 10, 194–197.
24.
AcioleSDG, PiccoliCF, DuqueLJE, CostaEV, Navarro-SilvaMA, MarquesFA, MaiaBHLNS, PinheiroMLB, RebeloMT. (2011) Insecticidal activity of three species of Guatteria (Annonaceae) against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Revista Colombiana de Entomologia, 37, 262–268.
25.
MaiaJGS, AndradeEHA, Da SilvaACM, OliveiraJ, CarreiraLMM, AraújoJS. (2005) Leaf volatile oils from four Brazilian Xylopia species. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 20, 474–477.
26.
BurtS. (2004) Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods - a review. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 94, 223–253.
27.
NazzaroF, FratianniF, De MartinoL, CoppolaR, De FeoV. (2013) Effect of essential oils on pathogenic bacteria. Pharmaceuticals, 6, 1451–1474.
28.
DynesJJ, LawrenceJR, KorberDR, SwerhoneGDW, LeppardGG, HitchcockAP. (2006) Quantitative mapping of chlorhexidine in natural river biofilms. Science of the Total Environment, 369, 369–383.
29.
MohammadiZ, AbbottPV. (2009) The properties and applications of chlorhexidine in endodontics. International Endodontic Journal, 42, 288–302.
30.
RusselAD. (2003) Biocide use and antibiotical resistence: the relevance of laboratory findings to clinical and environmental situations. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 3, 794–803.
31.
AdamsRP. (2001) Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/quadrupole mass spectroscopy. Vol. 1, Allured Publishing Corporation (Ed), Carol Stream, IL, USA, 456 p.
