Three new xanthones, 1-hydroxy-3-hydroxyethyl-5-methoxy-6-methoxycarbonylxanthone (1), 1,4-dihydroxy-3-hydroxyethyl-5-methoxy-6-methoxycarbonyl-xanthone (2), and 1-hydroxy-3-hydroxyethyl-4-methoxy-8-methoxycarbonylxanthone (3), together with five known xanthones (4–8) were isolated from the fermentation products of an endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp.. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopic techniques. Compounds 1–3 and 7 were also tested for their cytotoxicity against five human tumor cell lines (NB4, A549, SHSY5Y, PC3, and MCF7) by the MTT method, with paclitaxel used as the positive control. Compound 1 showed cytotoxicity against A549 and PC3 cells with IC50 values of 3.2 and 2.5 μM, respectively, 2 showed potential, with an IC50 value of 3.6 μM, and 3 showed cytotoxicity against A549 cells with an IC50 value of 3.5 μM.
KlaiklayS, SukpondmaY, RukachaisirikulV, PhongpaichitS. (2013) Friedolanostanes and xanthones from the twigs of Garcinia hombroniana. Phytochemistry, 85, 161–166.
2.
DharmaratneHR, SakagamiY, PiyasenaKG, ThevanesamV. (2013) Antibacterial activity of xanthones from Garcinia mangostana (L.) and their structure–activity relationship studies. Natural Product Research, 27, 938–941.
3.
HanQB, YangNY, TianHL, QiaoCF, SongJZ, ChangDC, ChenSL, LuoKQ, XuHX. (2008) Xanthones with growth inhibition against HeLa cells from Garcinia xipshuanbannaensis. Phytochemistry, 69, 2187–2192.
4.
AliM, ArfanM, AhmadM, SinghK, AnisI, AhmadH, ChoudharyMI, ShahMR. (2011) Anti-inflammatory xanthones from the twigs of Hypericum oblongifolium Wall. Planta Medica, 77, 2013–2018.
5.
WuYP, ZhaoW, XiaZY, KongGH, LuXP, HuQF, GaoXM. (2013) Three novel xanthones from Garcinia paucinervis and their anti-TMV activity. Molecules, 18, 9663–9669.
6.
UdomchotphruetS, PhuwapraisirisanP, SichaemJ, Tip-PyangS. (2012) Xanthones from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense. Phytochemistry, 73, 148–151.
7.
UvaraniC, ChandraprakashK, SankaranM, AtaA, MohanPS. (2012) Antioxidant and structure-activity relationships of five tetraoxygenated xanthones from Swertia minor (Griscb.) Knobl. Natural Product Research, 26, 1265–1270.
FuP, ZhangC. (2005) Advances in research on pharmacological activity of xanthones. Journal of Pharmaceutical Practice, 23, 6–12.
10.
ShankaranarayanD, GopalakarishnanC, KameswaranL. (1979) Pharmacological profile of mangostin and its derivatives. Archives lnternationales de Pharmaeodynamie Therapie, 239, 257–269.
11.
YangHY, GaoYH, NiuDY, YangLY, GaoXM, DuG, HuQF. (2013) Xanthone derivatives from the fermentation products of an endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. Fitoterapia, 91, 189–93.
12.
HuQF, NiuDY, YangS, CaoHY, MengCY, YangHY, GaoXM, DuG. (2013) Xanthone derivatives from the fermentation products of an endophytic fungus Phomopsis amygdali. Heterocycles, 87, 2103–2108.
13.
NaonobuT, YoshihisaT. (2006) Xanthones from Hypericum chinense. Phytochemistry. 67, 2146–2151.
MorelC, SéraphinD, OgerJ. M, LitaudonM, SevenetT, RichommeP, BrunetonJ. (2000) New xanthones from Calophyllum caledonicum. Journal of Natural Products, 63, 1471–1474.
16.
HuangZ, YangR, YinX, SheZ, LinY. (2010) Structure elucidation and NMR assignments for two xanthone derivatives from a mangrove endophytic fungus. Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, 48, 80–82.
17.
GaoXM, WangRR, NiuDY, MengCY, YangLM, ZhengYT, YangGY, HuQF, SunHD, XiaoWL. (2013) Bioactive dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from the stems of Schisandra neglecta. Journal of Natural Products, 76, 1052–1057.
18.
SaganuwanAS. (2011) A modified arithmetical method of Reed and Muench for determination of a relatively ideal median lethal dose (LD50). African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 5, 1543–1546.
