Ligularia vellerea and L. melanothyrsa have been found to share chemical characteristics based on geography. In one chemotype (Shangrila type), the major components were either 15-oxygenated furanoeremophilanes or eremophilanolides; and in another (Luguhu type), either 1-angeloyloxyfuranoeremophilanes or corresponding lactones. The two L. vellerea samples were found to have experienced hybridization with either L. cyathiceps or L. kanaitzensis; however, compounds typical of L. vellerea alone were isolated from them.
LiuSW, DengDS, LiuJQ. (1994) The origin, evolution and distribution of Ligularia Cass. (Compositae). Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica, 32, 514–524.
2.
KurodaC, HanaiR, NaganoH, ToriM, GongX. (2012) Diversity of furanoeremophilanes in major Ligularia species in the Hengduan Mountains. Natural Product Communications, 7, 539–548.
3.
LiuS, IllarionovaID (2011) In Flora of China, WuZY, RavenPH, HongDY. (Eds). Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis), Vol. 20-21, pp 376–415.
4.
ToriM, NakamizoH, MiharaK, SatoM, OkamotoY, NakashimaK, TanakaM, SaitoY, SonoM, GongX, ShenY, HanaiR, KurodaC. (2008) Chemical and genetic diversity of Ligularia vellerea in Yunnan, China. Phytochemistry, 69, 1158–1165.
5.
LiY, LuoS, ZhangM, ChenJ, WangZ. (2001) Constituents of Ligularia vellerea (Franch.) Hand-Mass. China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica26, 835–837
6.
LiY, WangZ, LuoS, LiS, ZhuZ. (2006) Sensitized photooxidation of furanoeremophilane with singlet oxygen and their biogenetic relationship. Natural Product Research, 20, 724–730.
7.
SaitoY, IchiharaM, OkamotoY, GongX, KurodaC, ToriM. (2014) Twelve new compounds from Ligularia melanothyrsa; isolation of melanothyrsins A-E, normelanothyrsin A, and other eremophilane sesquiterpenoids. Tetrahedron, 70, 2621–2628.
8.
ToriM, WatanabeA, MatsuoS, OkamotoY, TachikawaK, TakaokaS, GongX, KurodaC, HanaiR. (2008) Diversity of Ligularia kanaitzensis in sesquiterpenoid composition and neutral DNA sequences. Tetrahedron, 64, 4486–4495.
NaganoH, TorihataA, MatsushimaM, HanaiR, SaitoY, BabaM, TanioY, OkamotoY, TakashimaY, IchiharaM, GongX, KurodaC, ToriM. (2009) Chemical and genetic study of Ligularia cyathiceps in Yunnan Province of China. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 92, 2071–2081.
11.
KurodaC, UeshinoT, NaganoH. (2004) Ehrlich's reaction of furanoeremophilanes. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 77, 1737–1740.
12.
KurodaC, NishioE. (2007) Substituent effect in color of Ehrlich's test of tetrahydrobenzofuran. Natural Product Communications, 2, 581–585.
13.
BohlmannF, ZderoC. (1980) New furanoeremophilane derivatives from Ligularia thyrsoidea. Phytochemistry, 19, 1550–1551.
14.
BohlmannF, GrenzM. (1979) Ein neues furanoeremophilan-derivat aus Ligularia macrophylla. Phytochemistry, 18, 491–492.
15.
IshizakiY, TanahashiY, TsuyukiT, TakahashiT, ToriK. (1979) Furanoeremophilan-14β, 6α-olide. A new furanosesquiterpene lactone of an eremophilane-type from Ligularia hodgsoni Hook, f. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 52, 1182–1186.
16.
IshiiH, TozyoT, MinatoH. (1965) Studies on sesquiterpenoids—IX. Structure of ligularol and ligularone from Ligularia sibirica Cass. Tetrahedron, 21, 2605–2610.
17.
IshiiH, TojoT, MinatoH. (1966) Studies on sesquiterpenoids. Part XIII. Components of the root of Ligularia fischeri Turcz. Journal of the Chemical Society C, 1545–1548
18.
YamakawaK, SatohT. (1978) Studies on terpenoids and related alicyclic compounds. XVI. Total syntheses of furanosesquiterpenes, (±)-furanoeremophilane, (±)-furanoligularane, (±)-9,10-dehydrofuranoeremophilane, (±)-3β-hydroxyfuranoeremophilane, and (±)-3β-furanoligularanol. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 26, 3704–3714.
19.
NayaK, TakagiI, KawaguchiY, AsadaY, HiroseY, ShinodaN. (1968) The structure of fukinone, a constituent of Petasites japonicus Maxim. Tetrahedron, 24, 5871–5879.
20.
NaganoH, KurodaC, MoriyamaY, TsuyukiT, TakahashiT. (1982) Mass spectra of furanoeremophilane derivatives. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 55, 1221–1227.
21.
BohlmannF, JakupovicJ, WarningU, GrenzM, Chau-ThiTV, KingRM, RobinsonH. (1986) Sesquiterpenes with new carbon skeletons, furanoeremophilanes, seco-eremophilanes and other constituents from Argentinian Senecio species. Bulletin des Sociétés Chimiques Belges, 95, 707–736.
NeuenschwanderM, NeuenschwanderA, SteineggerE. (1979). Structure of the sesquiterpenes of Petasites hybridus (L.) G.M. et Sch.: Derivatives of neopetasol. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 62, 627–634.
24.
HanaiR, GongX, ToriM, KondoS, OtoseK, OkamotoY, NishihamaT, MurotaA, ShenY, WuS, KurodaC. (2005) Chemical and genetic study of Ligularia tongolensis, Ligularia cymbulifera, and Ligularia atroviolacea in the Hengduan Mountains of China. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 78, 1302–1308.
NaganoH, IwazakiY, GongX, ShenY, KurodaC, HanaiR. (2006) Chemical and genetic differentiation of Ligularia pleurocaulis in northwestern Yunnan and southwestern Sichuan Provinces of China. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 79, 300–304.
27.
NaganoH, MatsushimaM, YamadaH, HanaiR, GongX, KurodaC. (2010) Two new furanoeremophilane sesquiterpenoids from Ligularia oligonema. Natural Product Communications, 5, 1–4.
28.
ShimizuA, SuzukiY, HanaiR, OkamotoY, ToriM, GongX, KurodaC. (2014) Chemical and genetic similarity and diversity of Ligularia anoleuca and L. fischeri collected in the Hengduan Mountains of China. Phytochemistry, 102, 137–144
29.
HanaiR, YamadaH, SuzukiY, NaganoH, KawaharaT, YuJJ, GongX, KurodaC. (2012) Chemical constituents of Ligularia nelumbifolia and L. subspicata hybrid collected in Shangrila County, Yunnan Province of China. Natural Product Communications, 7, 1565–1568.
