Determination of Phytoestrogen Composition in Soybean Cultivars in Serbia

Abstract

The growing clinical interest and use of soybean-based food products and extracts to increase dietary phytoestrogen intake have led to medical interest in the precise determination of the phytoestrogen composition of soybean products. We have analyzed the composition of these compounds in 20 domestic and introduced varieties of genetically non-modified soybean genotypes grown under the same agroecological conditions. The isoflavone content of soybeans cultivated in this region of Serbia has not been previously reported. The assays were performed, after extraction with methanol-water (8:2, v/v), by C₁₈ reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection. The total phytoestrogen concentration was found to be between 2.24 and 3.79 mg g⁻¹ dry bean weight. The total concentration of daidzein and its derivatives ranged from 0.96 to 1.82 mg g⁻¹, total glyciteines from 0.34-0.53 mg g⁻¹, and all genistein derivatives from 0.86-1.67 mg g⁻¹ dry bean weight. Given the high biological potency of phytoestrogens and their metabolic conversion products, our data suggest that phytoestrogen content screening could be a useful tool in the selection of soybean genotypes with improved health promoting characteristics.