The occurrence of saturated (14:0, 15:0, 16:0, and 18:0), and unsaturated (7–16:1, 7–18:1, 9–18:1, 9,12–18:2, 9,12,15–18:3) acids, together with novel cyclic sulfur-containing fatty acids in garlic (Allium sativum) is reported. Organosulfur compounds, fatty acids, and sulfur-containing fatty acids were separated and characterized by GC–MS with serially coupled capillary columns with consecutive nonpolar and semipolar stationary phases.
(b) De KokLJ, CastroA, DurenkampM, StuiverCEE, WestermanS, YangL, StulenI. (2002) Sulfur in plant physiology. Proceedings - International Fertilizer Society, 500, 1–26.
3.
(a) KharaziP. (2005) GC and mass-spectrometric comparison of organo sulfur compounds in two varieties of Iranian garlic. Phosphorus, Sulfur and Silicon and the Related Elements, 180, 1399–1403
4.
(b) KharaziPR, PeyvastG. (2005) Natural antioxidant and anticarcinogenic compounds from two varieties of Iranian garlic. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 17, 219–223.
5.
ResemannJ, CarleR. (2003) Comparative study on the interrelation between flavor related parameters of different onion cultivars (Allium cepa L.) and their applicability to forecasting onion oil yield. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 1, 104–111.
6.
LeeJ, HarnlyJM. (2005) Free amino acid and cysteine sulfoxide composition of 11 garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars by gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass selective detection. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53, 9100–9104.
7.
YamazakiY. (2005) Production of processed garlic. Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho, 20 pp. Japanese Patent: JP 2005278635 A2 20051013. Application: JP 2004–381423 20041228.
8.
KimY-S, SeoH-Y, NoK-M, ShimS-L, YangS-H, ParkE-R, KimK-S. (2005). Comparison of volatile organic components in fresh and freeze dried garlic. Han'guk Sikp'um Yongyang Kwahak Hoechi (S. Korea), 34, 885–891.
9.
ArimaK, YamashitaT, HosodaJ, TamuraG. (1970) Substances active on the behavior of planarian. I. Production of trans-3-methylthioacrylic acid and 3-methylthiopropionic acid by microorganisms. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, 34, 1178–1183.
10.
SturdikovaM, ProksaB, RosenbergM, FuskaJ. (1994) Production of 3-methylthioacrylic acid by Streptomyces kasugaensis.Letters in Applied Microbiology, 18, 165–167.
11.
(a) IkegamiF, ShibasakiI, OhmiyaS, RuangrungsiN, MurakoshiI. (1985) Entadamide A, a new sulfur-containing amide from Entada phaseoloides seeds. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 33, 5153–5154
12.
(b) IkegamiF, OhmiyaS, RuangrungsiN, SakaiS, MurakoshiI. (1987) Entadamide B, a second new sulfur-containing amide from Entada phaseoloides.Phytochemistry, 26, 1525–1526.
13.
DaiJ, KardonoLBS, TsauriS, PadmawinataK, PezzutoJM, KinghornAD. (1991) Studies on Indonesian medicinal plants. Part 3. Phenylacetic acid derivatives and a thioamide glycoside from Entada phaseoloides.Phytochemistry, 30, 3749–3752.
14.
IkegamiF, SekineT, DuangteraprechaS, MatsushitaN, MatsudaN, RuangrungsiN, MurakoshiI. (1989) Entadamide C, a sulfur-containing amide from Entada phaseoloides.Phytochemistry, 28, 881–882.
15.
(a) ScislowskiPWD, HoklandBM, van ThienenD, BremerJ, DavisEJ. (1987) Methionine metabolism by rat muscle and other tissues - occurrence of a new carnitine intermediate. Biochemical Journal, 247, 35–40
WijesunderaRC, AckmanRG. (1988) Evidence for the probable presence of sulfur-containing fatty-acids as minor constituents in canola oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemist's Society, 65, 959–963.
18.
BremerJ. (2001) The biochemistry of hypo- and hyperlipidemic fatty acid derivatives: metabolism and metabolic effects. Progress in Lipid Research, 40, 231–268.
19.
Abu-LafiS, DembickiJW, GoldshlagP, HanušL, DembitskyVM. (2004) The use of the ‘Cryogenic’ GC/MS and on-column injection for study of organosulfur compounds of the Allium sativum.Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 17, 235–245.
20.
DembitskyVM, ShkrobI, DorI. (1999) Separation and identification of hydrocarbons and other volatile compounds from cultured blue-green alga Nostoc sp. by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using serially coupled capillary columns with consecutive nonpolar and semipolar stationary phases. Journal of Chromatography A, 862, 221–229.
21.
(a) OrrWL, Sinninghe DamsteJS. (1990) Geochemistry of sulfur in petroleum systems. In: Geochemistry of Sulfur in Fossil Fuels, OrrWL, WhiteCM, Eds, ACS Symp. Series, American Chemical Society, No. 249, pp. 2–29
22.
(b) SinningheDamste JS, RijpstraWIC, de LeewJW, SchenkPA. (1989) The occurrence and identification of series of organic sulfur-compounds in oils and sediment extracts. 2. Their presence in samples from hypersaline and non hypersaline paleoenvironments and possible application as source, palaeoenvironmental and maturity indicators. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53, 1323–1341.
23.
(a) Sinninghe Damste ten Haven, HL, de LeewJW, SchenkPA. (1986) In: Advances in Organic Geochemistry, 1985, LeythauserD, RullkotterJ, Eds, Pergamon Press, pp. 791–805
24.
(b) KoopmansMP, Sinninghe DamsteJS, LewanMD, de LeeuwJW. (1995). Thermal stability of thiophene biomarkers as studied by hydrous pyrolysis. Organic Geochemistry, 23, 583–596.
25.
(a) BatnaA, SpitellerG. (1993) Biosynthesis of furan fatty acids in Saccharum species is Ca2+-dependent. Phytochemistry, 32, 311–315
26.
SigristIA, ManzardoGGG, AmadoR. (2001) Analysis of furan fatty acids in dried green herbs using ion trap GC-MS/MS. Special Publication - Royal Society of Chemistry, 269, 237–240.
27.
(a) SpitellerG. (2005) Furan fatty acids: Occurrence, synthesis, and reactions. Are furan fatty acids responsible for the cardioprotective effects of a fish diet?Lipids, 40, 755–771
28.
(b) SpitellerG. (1993) On the chemistry of oxidative stress. Journal of Lipid Mediaters, 7, 199–221.
29.
(a) BaiJ, WuY, MoX, ZhengS, ChenW, XiaL. (2004) GC-MS analysis of the antibacterial active components from Allium chinense and research of its mechanism. Shipin Kexue (Beijing, China), 25, 146–149
30.
(b) NielsenGS, PollL. (2004) Determination of odor active aroma compounds in freshly cut leek (Allium ampeloprasum var. bulga) and in long-term stored frozen unblanched and blanched leek slices by gas chromatography olfactometry analysis. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52, 1642–1646
31.
(c) SchulzH, KruegerH. (2002) Rapid SPME-GC analysis of volatile secondary metabolites in various wild species of the genus Allium.Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 9, 205–210
32.
(d) AlbrandM, DuboisP, EtievantP, GelinR, TokarskaB. (1980) Identification of a new volatile compound in onion (Allium cepa) and leek (Allium porum): 3,4-dimethyl-2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydrothiophene. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 28, 1037–1038.
33.
(a) KattelA, MagaJA. (1995) Volatile compounds from dried Jimbu (Allium wallichii). Developments in Food Science, 37A, 919–928
34.
(b) KimbarisAC, SiatisNG, DafereraDJ, TarantilisPA, PappasCS, PolissiouMG. (2006) Comparison of distillation and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods for the isolation of sensitive aroma compounds from garlic (Allium sativum). Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 13, 54–60
35.
(c) ZhangY. (1997) Analysis of deodorizing garlic oral liquid by GC/MS. Tianran Chanwu Yanjiu Yu Kaifa, 9, 53–57
(a) ChenX, ShiD, ChenS. (2005) Analysis of the volatile components of Allium mairei by gas chromatography /mass spectrometry. Jingxi Huagong, 22, 373–377
38.
(b) ChristieWW, BrechanyEY, Lie Ken JieMSF, BakareO. (1991) Mass spectral characterization of picolinyl and methyl ester derivatives of isomeric thia fatty acids. Biomedicinal Environment and Mass Spectromrometry, 20, 629–635.
39.
(a) HuG., LuY, WeiD. (2005) Fatty acid composition of the seed oil of Allium tuberosum.Bioresource Technology, 96, 1630–1632
40.
(b) MuQ. (2001) Study on chemical composition of flower of Allium tenuissimum by GC - MS. Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao, 21, 1204–1208
41.
(c) YiY, LuD, YinM. (1991) Chemical components in the bud of Allium tuberosum.Zhongguo Yaoxue Zazhi (Beijing, China), 26, 648–649.