In this research project, Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms applied to the relay protection of high and low-voltage distribution networks are investigated. The paper attempts to solve the emerging problems caused by ever-growing complexities with dynamic characteristics of modern power systems to help solve the deficiencies of traditional protective mechanisms, which often require significant interference by personnel and consumption of resources to further increase distribution network safety, efficiency, and reliability. This research investigates using the latest worldwide algorithms to optimize circuit quality, enhance fault detection capabilities, and guarantee safety and stability in a power system operating under rigorous safety and performance standards. The study outcome showed that AI could overcome nonlinear optimization problems and multi-parameter limitations inherent in relay protection systems. The research also sheds light on the role of intelligent relay protection devices in achieving robust automation and stability of the power system, especially during various kinds of failures and variable operational cases. Experiments in research studies have shown that approaches to relay protection that AI drives ensure much higher convergence rates, operational precision, and system flexibility than traditional approaches. The investigation calls for introducing an AI-driven relay protection system as an integral part of wide-scale deployment to enhance the capabilities of smart grids so that the power distribution networks become sustainable and secure.
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