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Abstract

Background

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) is a prevalent complication of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), leading to hand function impairments that affect daily activities and quality of life. Despite its significance, no culturally adapted tool exists for assessing hand-related activity limitations in the Malay-speaking population. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt and validate the Duruöz Hand Index (DHI) for Malaysians with DPN.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in two phases: (1) translation and cultural adaptation of the DHI into Malay and (2) evaluation of its psychometric properties. Content validity was assessed by a panel of nine experts using the Content Validity Index (CVI). Face validity was evaluated through a pilot test with 10 individuals with DPN. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and test-retest reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, ICC) were measured in 30 participants with DPN. Known-group validity was examined by comparing DPN participants with healthy individuals.

Results

The content validity of the Malay-DHI was excellent and face validity confirmed that the Malay-DHI was clear and comprehensible. Internal consistency was strong across all categories (α = 0.84–0.97). Test-retest reliability demonstrated excellent stability (ICC = 0.996–1.000). Known-group validity showed a significant difference between individuals with DPN and healthy individuals (Z = −6.93, p < .001).

Conclusion

The Malay version of the DHI demonstrated strong validity and reliability, making it a culturally relevant and robust tool for assessing hand function in individuals with DPN. This tool may facilitate targeted rehabilitation interventions and improve clinical outcomes.

Keywords

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy hand function Duruöz hand index translation psychometric properties

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Translation and validation of the Malay version of the Duruöz hand index in individuals with diabetic peripheral neuropathy