Biceps-to-triceps transfer was performed in three children with concurrent deficits in shoulder abduction and elbow extension attributable to cocontraction following natural recovery from brachial plexus birth palsy. Substantial improvements in active shoulder abduction were observed without impairing elbow flexion.
BachyMLallemantPGrimbergJFitoussiF.Palliative shoulder and elbow surgery in obstetrical brachial plexus birth palsy. Hand Surg Rehabil. 2021, 41: 63–70.
2.
GuYDChenLShenLY.Classification of impairment of shoulder abduction in obstetric brachial plexus palsy and its clinical significance. J Hand Surg Eur. 2000, 25: 46–8.
3.
SemayaAEEl-nakeebRHasanMSShamseldineAF.Intercostal nerve transfer in management of biceps and triceps cocontraction in spontaneously recovered obstetric brachial plexus palsy. Ann Plast Surg. 2019, 83: 447–51.
4.
ShefflerLCLattanzaLSison-WilliamsonMAnne JamesM.Biceps brachii long head overactivity associated with elbow flexion contracture in brachial plexus birth palsy. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2012, 94: 289–97.
