Invited Review

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Veering BT . Management of anesthesia in elderly patients. Curr Opin Anesthesiol 1999;12: 333–6.

Jin F. Chung F . Minimizing perioperative adverse events in the elderly. Br J Anaesth 2001;87: 608–24.

Vignon P Mentec H Terre S Gastinne H Gueret P Lemaire F . Diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic impact of transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography in mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU. Chest 1994;106: 1829–34.

Stamos TD Soble JS . The use of echocardiography in the critical care setting. Crit Care Clin 2001;17: 253–70, v.

Voga G. Krivec B . Echocardiography in the intensive care unit. Curr Opin Crit Care 2000;6: 207–13.

Goodkin GM Spevack DM Tunick PA Kronzon I . How useful is hand-carried bedside echocardiography in critically ill patients? J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;37: 2019–22.

Spencer KT Anderson AS Bhargava A Bales AC Sorrentino M Furlong K Physician-performed point-of-care echocardiography using a laptop platform compared with physical examination in the cardiovascular patient. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;37: 2013–8.

Vourvouri EC Poldermans D De Sutter J Sozzi FB Izzo P Roelandt JR . Experience with an ultrasound stethoscope. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2002;15: 80–5.

Bruce CJ Montgomery SC Bailey KR Tajik J Seward JB . Utility of hand-carried ultrasound devices used by cardiologists with and without significant echocardiographic experience in the cardiology inpatient and outpatient settings. Am J Cardiol 2002;90: 1273–5.

Rugolotto M Chang CP Hu B Schnittger I Liang DH . Clinical use of cardiac ultrasound performed with a hand-carried device in patients admitted for acute cardiac care. Am J Cardiol 2002;90: 1040–2.

Kimura BJ Amundson SA Willis CL Gilpin EA DeMaria AN . Usefulness of a hand-held ultrasound device for bedside examination of left ventricular function. Am J Cardiol 2002;90: 1038–9.

Alexander JH Peterson ED Chen AY Harding TM Adams DB Kisslo JA Jr. . Feasibility of point-of-care echocardiography by internal medicine house staff. Am Heart J 2004;147: 476–81.

Borges AC Knebel F Walde T Sanad W Baumann G . Diagnostic accuracy of new handheld echocardiography with Doppler and harmonic imaging properties. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2004;17: 234–8.

Xie T Chamoun AJ McCulloch M Tsiouris N Birnbaum Y Ahmad M . Rapid screening of cardiac patients with a miniaturized hand-held ultrasound imager—comparisons with physical examination and conventional two-dimensional echocardiography. Clin Cardiol 2004;27: 241–5.

Senior R Galasko G Hickman M Jeetley P Lahiri A . Community screening for left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension using hand-held echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2004;17: 56–61.

Fedson S Neithardt G Thomas P Lickerman A Radzienda M DeCara JM Unsuspected clinically important findings detected with a small portable ultrasound device in patients admitted to a general medicine service. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2003;16: 901–5.

Huffer LL Bauch TD Furgerson JL Bulgrin J Boyd SY . Feasibility of remote echocardiography with satellite transmission and real-time interpretation to support medical activities in the austere medical environment. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2004;17: 670–4.

Rahko PS Douglas PS Tiwari A . Can a brief handheld echo exam detect RV and LV dysfunction? Circulation 2001;Suppl II:II-334.

Nagaraj H Manasia A Kodali R Croft L Oropello J Kohli-Seth R Clinical impact of goal-directed transthoracic echocardiography performed by non-cardiologist intensivists using a small hand held device (Sonoheart®) in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med 2001;A117.

Vignon P Chastagner C Francois B Martaille JF Normand S Bonnivard M Diagnostic ability of hand-held echocardiography in ventilated critically ill patients. Crit Care 2003;7: R84–R91.

Vignon P Frank MB Lesage J Mucke F Francois B Normand S Hand-held echocardiography with Doppler capability for the assessment of critically-ill patients: is it reliable? Intensive Care Med 2004;30: 718–23.

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Jaffe WM Roche AH Coverdale HA McAlister HF Ormiston JA Greene ER . Clinical evaluation versus Doppler echocardiography in the quantitative assessment of valvular heart disease. Circulation 1988;78: 267–75.

Roldan CA Shively BK Crawford MH . Value of the cardiovascular physical examination for detecting valvular heart disease in asymptomatic subjects. Am J Cardiol 1996;77: 1327–31.

Seward JB Douglas PS Erbel R Kerber RE Kronzon I Rakowski H Hand-carried cardiac ultrasound (HCU) device: recommendations regarding new technology. A report from the Echocardiography Task Force on New Technology of the NomenClature and Standards Committee of the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2002;15: 369–73.

Ashrafian H Bogle RG Rosen SD Henein M Evans TW . Portable echocardiography. BMJ 2004;328: 300–1.

Hu BS Saltiel F Popp RL . Effectiveness of a limited training in echocardiography for cardiovascular diagnosis. Circulation 1996; Suppl I: I-253.

DeCara JM Lang RM Koch R Bala R Penzotti J Spencer KT . The use of small personal ultrasound devices by internists without formal training in echocardiography. Eur J Echocardiogr 2003;4: 141–7.