The influence of match contextual factors on weekly training load in soccer players: A systematic review

Abstract

Workload is commonly divided into external (physical work performed) and internal load (athletes’ psychophysiological response). This systematic review aimed to investigate the impact of match contextual factors on the training load of soccer players. Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus was conducted, including literature published up to 4 March 2026. Studies examining physical and/or physiological training responses in male and female adult and youth soccer players, with quantification of training load based on match contextual factors, were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the JBI checklist. Results were narratively synthesized, considering study heterogeneity. Out of 375 references obtained, 19 manuscripts met the inclusion criteria. The review categorized studies based on four key contextual factors: match location, opponent level, match outcome, and microcycle length. This review indicates that match contextual factors would influence weekly training load in soccer. Studies reviewed showed that match location affects weekly training load in soccer, with higher internal loads following away matches. Evidence suggests that greater external load is typically performed before matches against weaker opponents, while match outcomes affect training load differently by age group, with losses increasing load in professional players. Additionally, longer microcycles are associated with greater training time and higher external load, reflected in increased locomotor and neuromuscular demands. These findings highlight the importance of considering contextual match factors when planning weekly training load.