A review of best practices in video modeling for sport pedagogues

Abstract

Outdated motion pictures and analog videos come with significant limitations, while advanced multimedia solutions present their own challenges. Amid these constraints, digital video modeling (VM) has emerged as a highly accessible and effective tool for sport pedagogues. Current research has progressed beyond merely establishing the effectiveness of VM, shifting its focus to identifying best practices for optimizing learning experiences. This paper reviews the literature from the past decade on VM in sport pedagogy, aiming to compile a comprehensive set of recommendations for evidence-based best practices. Drawing from 31 rigorously conducted studies, nine key recommendations are identified. These recommendations emphasize the broad applicability of VM across various sports and physical activities. They also highlight strategies for optimizing VM, including integrating complementary pedagogical tools, considering motor skill complexity, scheduling sessions based on learner chronotype, enhancing self-regulated learning, and ensuring optimal video playback features (slow-motion and self-control). The review also highlights the importance of addressing gender-based differences and ensuring proper viewing angles to maximize VM effectiveness. While this work provides sufficient guidance on best practices for implementing VM in sport pedagogy, ongoing empirical research is necessary to further refine and enhance its application. Research gaps that need further exploration to enhance VM effectiveness are discussed.