Adherence to medications is central to successfully managing diabetes. Health coaching, which relies on frequent contact and ongoing intervention, has emerged in recent years as part of disease management initiatives and has been promoted as an effective method for improving health outcomes and patient compliance with medication. This study evaluated a 6-month worksite health coaching model to promote medication adherence. It assessed the effectiveness of tailoring health coaching for compliance with medication regimens among people with diabetes. The program was delivered through 3 face-to-face and 3 telephone consultations. Participants set goals promoting diabetes management at the end of each monthly consultation. The authors collected questionnaires from enrolled employees at baseline (n = 27) and from those who stayed in the program at completion of the intervention (n = 23). Using the ASK-20 SM for evaluation, the authors were able to significantly reduce the average number of barriers to medication adherence from pre (3.7) to post (2.2; P < .001) in those who completed the program. The results of this study suggest that health coaching combined with tools to help identify barriers increased medication adherence.
Wahl C., Gregoire JP, Teo K., et al. Concordance, compliance and adherence in healthcare: closing gaps and improving outcomes. Healthc Q. 2005 ;8:65-70.
2.
Vlasnik JJ, Aliotta SL, DeLor B.Medication adherence: factors influencing compliance with prescribed medication plans. Case Manager. 2005;16:47-51.
3.
Grant RW, Devita NG, Singer DE, Meigs JBPolypharmacy and medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes . Diabetes Care. 2003;26:1408-1412.
4.
Rhee MK, Slocum W., Ziemer DC, et al. Patient adherence improves glycemic control. Diabetes Educ. 2005;31:240-250.
5.
Krapek K., King K., Warren SS, et al. Medication adherence and associated hemoglobin A1c in type 2 diabetes. Ann Pharmacother. 2004;38:1357-1362.
6.
Stephens JM, Botteman MF, Hay JWEconomic impact of antidiabetic medications and glycemic control on managed care organizations: a review of the literature. J Manag Care Pharm. 2006;12:130-142.
7.
Pladevall M. , Williams LK, Potts LA, Divine G., Xi H., Lafata JEClinical outcomes and adherence to medications measured by claims data in patients with diabetes . Diabetes Care. 2004;27:2800-2805.
8.
Ho PM, Rumsfeld JS, Masoudi FA, et al. Effect of medication nonadherence on hospitalization and mortality among patients with diabetes mellitus. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:1836-1841.
9.
Sokol MC, McGuigan KA, Verbrugge RR, Epstein RSImpact of medication adherence on hospitalization risk and healthcare cost . Med Care. 2005;43:521-530.
10.
Hepke KL, Martus MT, Share DACosts and utilization associated with pharmaceutical adherence in a diabetic population. Am J Manag Care. 2004 ;10(pt 2):144-151.
11.
DiMatteo MRVariations in patients’ adherence to medical recommendations: a quantitative review of 50 years of research. Med Care. 2004:42:200-209.
12.
McDonald HP , Garg AX, Haynes RBInterventions to enhance patient adherence to medication prescriptions: scientific review. JAMA. 2002;288:2868-2879.
Konkle-Parker DJA motivational intervention to improve adherence to treatment of chronic disease. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2001;13:61-68.
15.
Schafer LC, Koltes LD, Anderson RL, Rickheim PL, Kendall DMBehavioral coaching improves diabetes management and A1c in worksite settings . Abstract presented at: American Diabetes Association ; San Diego, CA; 2005. Abstract 78-OR.
16.
Whittemore R., Melkus GD, Sullivan A., Grey M.A nurse-coaching intervention for women with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Educ . 2004;30:795-804.
17.
DiLillo V., Siegfried NJ, West DSIncorporating motivational interviewing into behavioral obesity treatment . Cogn Behav Pract. 2003;10:120-130.
18.
Palmer S., Tubbs I., Whybrow A.Health coaching to facilitate the promotion of healthy behaviors and achievement of health-related goals. Int J Health Promot Educ . 2003;41:91-93
Miller WR, Rollnick S.Motivational Interviewing: Preparing People for Change. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Guilford; 2002.
21.
Stott NC, Rollnick S., Rees MR, Pill RMInnovation in clinical method: diabetes care and negotiating skills . Fam Pract. 1995;12:413-418.
22.
Stott NC, Rees M., Rollnick S., Pill RM, Hackett P.Professional responses to innovation in clinical method: diabetes care and negotiating skills. Patient Educ Couns. 1996 ;29:67-73.
23.
Doherty Y., Roberts S.Motivational interviewing in diabetes practice. Diabet Med . 2002;19(suppl 3):1-6.
24.
Miller WR, Rollnick S.Motivational Interviewing: Preparing People to Change Addictive Behavior . New York, NY: Guilford; 1991.
25.
Burke BL, Arkowitz H., Menchola M.The efficacy of motivational interviewing: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2003 ;71:843-861.
26.
Prochaska JO , DiClemente CC, Norcross JCIn search of how people change: applications to addictive behaviors. Am Psychol. 1992;47:1102-1114.
27.
Hahn SR, Park J., Skinner EP, et al. Development of the ASK-20 adherence barrier survey. Curr Med Res Opin. 2008;24:2127-2138.
28.
Matza LS, Yu-Isenberg KS, Coyne KA, et al. Further testing of the reliability and validity of the ASK-20 adherence barrier questionnaire in a medical center outpatient population . Curr Med Res Opin. 2008;24:3197-3206.
29.
Hibbard JH, Stockard J., Mahoney ER, Tusler M.Development of the Patient Activation Measure (PAM): conceptualizing and measuring activation in patients and consumers. Health Serv Res. 2004;39(pt 1):1005-1026.
30.
Mosen DM, Schmittdiel J., Hibbard J., Sobel D., Remmers C., Bellows J.Is patient activation associated with outcomes of care for adults with chronic conditions? J Ambul Care Manage. 2007;30:21-29.
31.
Welschen LM , van Oppen P., Dekker JM, Bouter LM, Stalman WA, Nijpels G.The effectiveness of adding cognitive behavioural therapy aimed at changing lifestyle to managed diabetes care for patients with type 2 diabetes: design of a randomised controlled trial. BMC Public Health. 2007;7:74.
32.
Scandlen G.Consumer-driven health care: just a tweak or a revolution? Health Aff (Millwood ). 2005;24:1554-1558.
