A novel cellular homing/chemokine delivery system was developed, in which electrospun polydioxanone (PDO) scaffolds infused with Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 (MCP-1) were fabricated and examined for their potential to influence macrophage infiltration/adherence and for their potential to provide extended chemokine release. Over the course of 120 hours, MCP-1 released into supernatant peaked at 24 hours and was detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) when added to PDO solutions prior to electrospinning at 3000 ng/ml. PDO/MCP-1 hybrids were characterized for biological activity using a test tube ELISA procedure assessing macrophage adherence/infiltration of scaffolds. Results demonstrated an increasing dose-responsive trend with increasing MCP-1 concentration. These initial investigations suggest such hybrid materials have significant potential for use in and improvement of in situ tissue regeneration applications by acting as cellular homing devices.
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