This article considers emergence in the context of systems of systems, examining the earlier proposed tri-layered architecture in some depth. In contrast with healthcare reform, a social media phenomenon, the emergence of topics in the Twitter user community, is shown not to satisfy a critical condition of the architecture. Nevertheless, detection of topic emergence is shown to offer insights into the design of Emergence Behavior Observers.
BirdseyLSzaboCTeoYM. Twitter knows: understanding the emergence of topics in social networks. In: YilmazLChanWKVMoonI. (eds) Proceedings of the 2015 winter simulation conference, Huntington Beach, CA, 6–9 December 2015.
4.
ZeiglerBPHammondsP.Modeling and simulation-based data engineering: introducing pragmatics into ontologies for net-centric information exchange. Boston, MA: Academic Press, 2007.
5.
NutaroJHammondsP.Combining the model/view/control design pattern with the DEVS formalism to achieve rigor and reusability in distributed simulation. J Defense Model Simulat2004; 1: 19–28.
6.
YangJLescovecJ.Modeling information diffusion in implicit networks. In: IEEE international conference on data mining (ICDM), 2010, pp.599–608.
7.
ZeiglerBP. Discrete event system specification framework for self-improving healthcare service systems. IEEE Syst J. In press.
8.
MittalSRaineyL. Harnessing emergence: the control and design and emergent behavior in system of systems engineering. In: SummerSim ’15: proceedings of the conference on summer computer simulation, Chicago, IL, 26–29 July 2015.
9.
MittalS.Emergence in stigmergic and complex adaptive systems: a formal discrete event systems perspective. Cognit Syst Res Arch2013; 21: 22–39.
