RETRACTED: Leadership Variables and Business Performance: Mediating and Interaction Effects

Anderson N. Potočnik K. Zhou J. (2014). Innovation and creativity in organizations: A state-of-the-science review, prospective commentary, and guiding framework. Journal of Management, 40, 1297-1333.

Antonakis J. Atwater L. (2002). Leader distance: A review and a proposed theory. Leadership Quarterly, 13, 673-704.

Arnold K. A. Barling J. Kelloway E. K. (2001). Transformational leadership or the iron cage: Which predicts trust, commitment and team efficacy? Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 22, 315-320.

Asencio H. Mujkic E. (2016). Leadership behaviors and trust in leaders: Evidence from the U.S. federal government. Public Administration Quarterly, 40, 156-179.

Avery G. C. (2004). Understanding leadership: Paradigms and cases. London, England: Sage.

Bartram T. Casimir G. (2007). The relationship between leadership and follower in-role performance and satisfaction with the leader: The mediating effects of empowerment and trust in the leader. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 28, 4-19.

Bass B. M. Jung D. I. Avolio B. J. Berson Y. (2003). Predicting unit performance by assessing transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 207-218.

Baum J. R. Locke E. A. Kirkpatrick S. A. (1998). A longitudinal study of the relation of vision and vision communication to venture growth in entrepreneurial firms. Journal of Applied Psychology, 83, 43-54.

Bengtson M. Sölvell Ö . (2004). Climate of competition, clusters and innovation performance. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 20, 225-244.

Bergsteiner H. (2012). Accountability theory meets accountability practice. London, England: Emerald.

Berson Y. Waldman D. A. Pearce C. L. (2016). Enhancing our understanding of vision in organizations: Toward an integration of leader and follower processes. Organizational Psychology Review, 6, 171-191.

Boehm S. A. Dwertmann D. J. G. Bruch H. Shamir B. (2015). The missing link? Investigating organizational identity strength and transformational leadership climate as mechanisms that connect CEO charisma with firm performance. Leadership Quarterly, 26, 156-171.

Braun S. Peus C. Weisweiler S. Frey D. (2013). Transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and team performance: A multilevel mediation model of trust. Leadership Quarterly, 24, 270-283.

Breevaart K. Bakker A. B Demerouti E. Sleebos D. M. Maduro V. (2014). Uncovering the underlying relationship between transformational leaders and followers’ task performance. Journal of Personnel Psychology, 13, 194-203.

Brown S. P. Lam S. K. (2008). A meta-analysis of relationships linking employee satisfaction to customer responses. Journal of Retailing, 84, 243-255.

Burke C. S. Sims D. E. Lazzara E. H. Salas E. (2007). Trust in leadership: A multi-level review and integration. Leadership Quarterly, 18, 606-632.

Casimir G. Waldman D. A. Bartram S. Yang T. (2006). Trust and the relationship between leadership and follower performance: Opening the black box in Australia and China. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 12, 68-84.

Chen A. S. Y. Hou Y.-H. (2016). The effects of ethical leadership, voice behavior and climates for innovation on creativity: A moderated mediation examination. Leadership Quarterly, 27, 1-13.

Chen T. Y. Hwang S. N. Liu Y. (2012). Antecedents of the voluntary performance of employees: Clarifying the roles of employee satisfaction and trust. Public Personnel Management, 41, 407-420.

Chi C. G. Gursoy D. (2009). Employee satisfaction, customer satisfaction and financial performance: An empirical examination. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 28, 245-253.

Chinomona R. Sandada M. (2013). Customer satisfaction, trust and loyalty as predictors of customer intention to re-purchase South African retailing industry. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 4(14). Retrieved from http://www.mcser.org/journal/index.php/mjss/article/view/1625

Clark M. (2002). The relationship between employees’ perceptions of organizational climate and customer retention rates in a major UK retail bank. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 10, 93-113.

Clegg S. R. (1997). Power. In Warner M. (Ed.), Concise international encyclopedia of business and management (pp. 567-577). London, England: Thomson.

Colakoglu S. (2012). Shared vision in MNE subsidiaries: The role of formal, personal, and social control in its development and its impact on subsidiary learning. Thunderbird International Business Review, 54, 639-652.

de Hoogh A. den Hartog D. Koopman P. Thierry H. van den Berg P. van der Weide J. Wilderom C . (2004). Charismatic leadership, environmental dynamism, and performance. European Journal of Work & Organizational Psychology, 13, 447-471.

D’Innocenzo L. Mathieu J. E. Kukenberger M. R. (2014). A meta-analysis of different forms of shared leadership–team performance relations. Journal of Management, 42, 1-28.

Dirks K. T. (1999). The effects of interpersonal trust on work group performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 445-455.

Dirks K. T. Ferrin D. L. (2002). Trust in leadership: Meta-analytic findings and implications for research and practice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 611-628.

Drescher M. A. Korsgaard M. A. Welpe I. M. Picot A. Wigand R. T. (2014). The dynamics of shared leadership: Building trust and enhancing performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 99, 771-783.

Dvir T. Kass N. Shamir B. (2004). The emotional bond: Vision and organizational commitment among high-tech employees. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 17, 126-143.

Fulmer C. A. Gelfand M. J. (2012). At what level (and in whom) we trust. Journal of Management, 38, 1167-1230.

Gillespie N. A. Mann L. (2004). Transformational leadership and shared values: The building blocks of trust. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 19, 588-607.

Gilstrap J. B. Collins B. J. (2012). The importance of being trustworthy: Trust as a mediator of the relationship between leader behaviors and employee job satisfaction. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 19, 152-163.

Gouws D. G. Habtezion A. Vermaak F. N. S. Wolmarans H. P. (2014). The relationship between employee and customer satisfaction in the balanced scorecard. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 9, 285-298.

Griffith J. (2006). A compositional analysis of organizational climate-performance relation: Public schools as organizations. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36, 1848-1880.

Haakonsson D. D. Burton R. M. Obel B. Lauridsen J. (2008). How failure to align organizational climate and leadership style affects performance. Management Decision, 46, 406-432.

Hackl P. Scharitzer D. Zuba R. (2000). Customer satisfaction in the Australian food retail market. Total Quality Management, 11, 999-1006.

Halpin A. W. Croft D. B. (1962). The organizational climate of school. Chicago, IL: Chicago University Press.

Hayes A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Hayes A. F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Hofmann D. A. Jones L. M. (2005). Leadership, collective personality, and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 509-522.

Howell J. M. Hall-Merenda K. E. (1999). The ties that bind: The impact of leader-member exchange, transformational and transactional leadership, and distance on predicting follower performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84, 680-694.

Jain A. K. (2016). The mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship of vertical trust and distributed leadership in health care context. Journal of Modelling in Management, 11, 722-738.

Jing F. F. (2012). An investigation of the relationship between leadership paradigms and organizational performance in pharmaceutical sales organizations. Shanghai, China: Fudan University Press.

Jing F. F. Avery G. C. (2008). Where have the mediating variables in leadership-performance research gone? Journal of Business and Economics Research, 6, 73-84.

Jing F. F. Avery G. C. Bergsteiner H. (2014). Enhancing performance in small professional firms through vision communication and sharing. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 31, 599-620.

Kantabutra S. (2008). Vision-based leadership: The answer to the fast changing retail industry in Thailand? Problems and Perspectives in Management, 6, 59-71.

Kantabutra S. (2009). Toward a behavioral theory of vision in organizational settings. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 30, 319-337.

Kantabutra S. Avery G. C. (2005). Essence of shared vision: Empirical investigation. New Zealand Journal of Human Resources Management, 5, 1-28. Retrieved from http://www.nzjhrm.org.nz/includes/download.aspx?ID=30100

Kantabutra S. Avery G. C. (2006a). Follower effects in the visionary leadership process. Journal of International Business and Economics Research, 4, 57-66.

Kantabutra S. Avery G. C. (2006b). Shared vision in customer and staff satisfaction: Relationships and their consequences. Journal of Applied Business Research, 25(4), 9-21.

Kantabutra S. Avery G. C. (2010). The power of vision: Statements that resonate. Journal of Business Strategy, 31, 37-45.

Kim T. Y. Wang J. Chen J. (2016). Mutual trust between leader and subordinate and employee outcomes. Journal of Business Ethics, 149, 945-958. doi:10.1007/s10551-016-3093-y

Koene B. A. S. Vogelaar A. L. W. Soeters J. L. (2002). Leadership effects on organizational climate and financial performance: Local leadership effect in chain organizations. Leadership Quarterly, 13, 193-215.

Langfred C. W. (2004). Too much of a good thing? Negative effects of high trust and individual autonomy in self-managing teams. Academy of Management Journal, 47, 385-399.

McKnight H. Cummings L. L. Chervany N. (1998). Initial trust formation in new organizational relationships. Academy of Management Review, 23, 473-490.

Melián-González S. Bulchand-Gidumal J. González López-Valcárcel B. (2015). New evidence of the relationship between employee satisfaction and firm economic performance. Personnel Review, 44, 906-929.

Muthén L. K. Muthén B. O. (2015). Mplus user’s guide (7th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.

Neff J. E. (2015). Shared vision promotes family firm performance. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 646.

Nienaber A. M. Hofeditz M. Romeike P. D. (2015). Vulnerability and trust in leader-follower relationships. Personnel Review, 44, 567-591.

Ozcelik H. Langton N. Aldrich H. (2008). Doing well and doing good. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23, 186-203.

Payne R. L. Mansfield R. M. (1973). Relationships of perceptions of organizational climate to organizational structure, context, and hierarchical position. Administrative Science Quarterly, 18, 515-526.

Perera S. Baker P. (2007). Performance measurement practices in small and medium size manufacturing enterprises in Australia. Small Enterprise Research, 15(2), 10-30.

Perryer C. Jordan C. (2005). The influence of leader behaviors on organizational commitment: A study in the Australian public sector. International Journal of Public Administration, 28, 379-396.

Podsakoff P. M. MacKenzie S. B. Moorman R. H. Fetter R. (1990). Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on followers’ trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Leadership Quarterly, 1, 107-142.

Popa B. M. (2012). The relationship between leadership effectiveness and organizational performance. Journal of Defense Resources Management, 3, 123-127.

Preacher K. J. Hayes A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 36, 717-731.

Rietzschel E. F. Slijkhuis M. Van Yperen N. W. (2014). Close monitoring as a contextual stimulator: How need for structure affects the relation between close monitoring and work outcomes. European Journal of Work & Organizational Psychology, 23, 394-404.

Sako M. (1992). Prices, quality and trust: Inter-firm relations in Britain and Japan. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Scherbaum C. A. Finlinson S. Barden K. Tamanini K. (2006). Applications of item response theory to measurement issues in leadership research. Leadership Quarterly, 17, 366-386.

Schneider B. Ehrhart M. G. Macey W. H. (2013). Organizational climate and culture. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 361-388.

Seibert S. E. Wang G. Courtright S. H . (2011). Antecedents and consequences of psychological and team empowerment in organizations: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96, 981-1003.

Sharkie R. (2009). Trust in leadership is vital for employee performance. Management Research News, 32, 491-498.

Sian S. Roberts C. (2009). UK small owner-managed businesses: Accounting and financial reporting needs. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 16, 289-305.

Slavitt D. Stamps P. Piedmont E. Hasse A. (1986). Index of work satisfaction. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

Stam D. van Knippenberg D. Wisse B. (2010). The role of regulatory fit in visionary leadership. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31, 499-518.

Tian M. Risku M. Collin K. (2016). A meta-analysis of distributed leadership from 2002 to 2013: Theory development, empirical evidence and future research focus. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 44, 146-164.

Ugwu L. Enwereuzor I. Orji E. (2016). Is trust in leadership a mediator between transformational leadership and in-role performance among small-scale factory workers? Review of Managerial Science, 10, 629-648.

von Wangenheim F. Evanschitzky H. Wunderlich M . (2007). Does the employee–customer satisfaction link hold for all employee groups? Journal of Business Research, 60, 690-697.

Vos E. Roulston C. (2008). SME owner involvement and business performance: Financial security rather than growth. Small Enterprise Research, 16(1), 70-85.

Wang G. Oh I.-S. Courtright S. H. Colbert A. E . (2011). Transformational leadership and performance across criteria and levels: A meta-analytic review of 25 years of research. Group & Organization Management, 36, 223-270.

Yagil D. (2014). Trust in the supervisor and authenticity in service roles. Journal of Service Management, 25, 411-426.

Yang J. Mossholder K. W. (2010). Examining the effects of trust in leaders: A bases-and-foci approach. Leadership Quarterly, 21, 50-63.

Yang Y.-F. (2014). Studies of transformational leadership: Evaluating two alternative models of trust and satisfaction. Psychological Reports, 114, 740-757.

Yang Y.-F. (2016). Examining competing models of transformational leadership, leadership trust, change commitment, and job satisfaction. Psychological Reports, 119, 154-173.

Zablah A. R. Carlson B. D. Donavan D. T. Maxham J. G. Brown T. J. (2016). A cross-lagged test of the association between customer satisfaction and employee job satisfaction in a relational context. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101, 743-755.

Zhu W. Chew I. K. H. Spangler W. D. (2005). CEO transformational leadership and organizational outcomes: The mediating role of human-capital-enhancing human resource management. Leadership Quarterly, 16, 39-52.