Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission in a Cohort of Pregnant Women Diagnosed by Rapid HIV Testing at Tijuana General Hospital,Baja California,Mexico

Abstract

This study evaluated an obstetrical program using rapid HIV testing for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT) in Baja California, Mexico. Between 2003 and 2005, 45 women in labor and 17 prenatal care women were HIV infected. Among labor patients, 14 (31%) delivered by cesarean section compared with 17 (100%) prenatal care patients (P < .001). Intravenous maternal zidovudine (ZDV) and infant oral ZDV were more frequently administered in prenatal care compared to labor patients: 94% versus 33% (P < .001) and 100% versus 79% (P < .001), respectively. All prenatal care women received combination therapy. All 10 HIV-infected infants were in the labor group, resulting in a MTCT rate of 23% (95% confidence interval [CI] 9.5-34.8) compared to 0% (95% CI 0-1.8; P < .001) among the prenatal care group. Five (50%) of the HIV-infected infants had an AIDS diagnosis and 2 (20%) died within 18 months of birth. Women diagnosed during labor had a high HIV MTCT and poor postnatal outcome.

Keywords

rapid HIV test AIDS Mexico prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission

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