Structured needs assessment instruments aid in-service planning in the juvenile justice system. This article uses latent class analysis to classify juvenile offenders into categories or types based on need profiles using a sample of 542 youthful offenders. The study identified five profiles based on scores from a structured needs assessment instrument.
Baird, S.C. (1984). Classification of juveniles in corrections: A model systems approach. Madison, WI: National Council on Crime and Delinquency.
3.
Barnoski, R. (2004). Assessing risk for re-offense: Validating the Washington state juvenile court assessment. Olympia, WA : Washington State Institute for Public Policy.
Bergman, L.R., & Magnusson, D. (1997). A person-oriented approach in research on developmental psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 9, 291-319.
6.
Breslau, N., Reboussin, B.A., Anthony, J.C., & Storr, C.L. (2005). The structure of posttraumatic stress disorder: Latent class analysis in 2 community samples. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 1343-1351.
7.
Byer, J.J.L., & Kuhn, J. (2003). A model response to truancy prevention: The Louisville truancy court diversion project. Juvenile and Family Court Journal, 54, 59-67.
8.
Catalano, R.F., & Hawkins, J.D. (1996). The social development model: A theory of antisocial behavior. In J. D. Hawkins (Ed.), Delinquency and crime: Current theories (pp. 149-197). New York: Cambridge University Press.
9.
Chamberlain, P. (2003). Treating chronic juvenile offenders: Advances made through the Oregon multidimensional treatment foster care model. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association .
10.
Cleland, C.M., Rothschild, L., & Haslam, N. (2000). Detecting latent taxa: Monte Carlo comparison of taxometric, mixture model, and clustering procedures. Psychological Reports, 87, 37-47.
11.
Cocozza, J.J., Veysey, B.M., Chapin, D.A., Dembo, R., Walters, W., & Farina, S. (2005). Diversion from the juvenile justice system: The Miami-Dade Juvenile Assessment Center post-arrest diversion program. Substance Use and Misuse, 40, 935-951.
12.
Connor, D.F., Glatt, S.J., Lopez, I.D., Jackson, D., & Melloni, R.H. (2002). Psychopharmacology and aggression- 1: A meta-analysis of stimulant effects on overt/covert aggression-related behaviors in ADHD . Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41, 253-261.
13.
Cuellar, A.E., McReynolds, L.S., & Wasserman, G.A. (2006). A cure for crime: Can mental health treatment diversion reduce crime among youth? Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 25, 197-214.
14.
Everitt, B.S., Landau, S., & Morven, L. (2001). Cluster analysis (4th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
15.
Fantuzzo, J., Grim, S., & Hazan, H. (2005). Project start: An evaluation of a community-wide school-based intervention to reduce truancy. Psychology in the Schools, 42, 657-667.
16.
Hagenaars, J.A., & Halman, L.C. (1989). Searching for idea types: The potentialities of latent class analysis. European Sociological Review, 5, 81-96.
17.
Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of delinquency. Berkeley : University of California Press.
18.
Hoge, R.D., & Andrews, D.A. (2003). The youth level of service/case management inventory (YCS/CMI): Intake manual and item scoring key. Ottawa, Canada: Carleton University.
19.
Howell, J.C. (1995). Guide for implementing the comprehensive strategy for serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offenders. Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
Jenson, J.M., & Potter, C.C. (2003). The effects of cross-system collaboration on mental health and substance abuse problems of detained youth. Research on Social Work Practice, 13, 588-607.
22.
Kelly, W.R., Macy, T.S., & Mears, D.P. (2005). Juvenile referrals in Texas: An assessment of criminogenic needs and the gap between needs and services. The Prison Journal, 85, 467-489.
23.
Lipsey, M.W., & Derzon, J.H. (1998). Predictors of violent or serious delinquency in adolescence and early adulthood. In R. Loeber & D. P. Farrington (Eds.), Serious & violent juvenile offenders (pp. 86-105). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
24.
Macy, R.J., & Chapman, M. (2006, January). Using latent class analysis to move beyond aggregate findings: A conceptual and practical workshop using Mplus Software . Workshop presented at the Society for Social Work and Research Annual Conference, San Antonio, TX.
25.
Macy, R.J., Nurius, P.S., & Norris, J. (2007). Latent profiles among sexual assault survivors: Implications for defensive coping and resistance. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 22, 543-565.
26.
Masten, A.S., & Coatsworth, J.D. (1998). The development of competence in favorable and unfavorable environments: Lessons from research on successful children. American Psychologist, 53, 205-220.
27.
McLachlan, G.J., & Peel, D. (2000). Finite mixture models. New York: Wiley.
Nagin, D.S., & Tremblay, R.E. (2005). Developmental trajectory groups: Fact or a useful scientific fiction. Criminology, 43, 873-904.
31.
Park, N.S., Zimmerman, S., Sloane, P.D., Gruber-Baldini, A.L., & Eckert, J.K. (2006). An empirical typology of residential care/assisted living based on a four-state study. Gerontologist, 46, 238-248.
32.
Robertson, A.A., Grimes, P.W., & Rogers, K.E. (2001). A short-run cost-benefit analysis of community-based interventions for juvenile offenders. Crime & Delinquency , 47, 265-285.
33.
Schwalbe, C.S. (2004). Re-visioning risk assessment for human service decision making. Children and Youth Services Review, 26, 561-576.
34.
Schwalbe, C.S., Fraser, M.W., & Day, S.H. (2007). Predictive validity of the Joint Risk Matrix with juvenile offenders: A focus on gender and race/ethnicity. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 34, 348-361.
35.
Schwalbe, C.S., Fraser, M.W., Day, S.H., & Arnold, E.M. (2004). North Carolina Assessment of Risk (NCAR): Reliability and predictive validity with juvenile offenders. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 40, 1-22.
36.
Shoemaker, D.J. (2000). Theories of delinquency (4th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
37.
Von Eye, A., & Bergman, L.R. (2003). Research strategies in developmental psychopathology: Dimensional identity and the person-oriented approach. Development and Psychopathology, 15, 553-580.
38.
Whitesell, N.R., Beals, J., Mitchell, C.M., Novins, D.K., Spicer, P., Manson, S.M., et al. (2006). Latent class analysis of substance use: Comparison of two American Indian Reservation populations and a national sample . Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 67, 32-43.