Health and Demographic Factors for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Among Hispanic Adults in the United States: Analysis of Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey Data

Abstract

Introduction: Appropriate diagnosis and regular primary care appointments are markers of quality chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) care. Underdiagnosis of COPD has been associated with an absence of health insurance, lower socioeconomic status, and race and ethnicity. Methods: This study examined predictors of COPD using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS, 2021) to provide information for prevention messaging and interventions. Participants included Hispanic adults (n = 17,782) aged 45 years and older. Chi-square tests and a multinomial logistic regression analysis (adjusted with the BRFSS weighting variable) were used to understand how sex, income, health status, smoking behaviors, asthma morbidity, and health insurance coverage were related to having COPD. Results: Patients with poor health, lower income level, current smokers, former smokers, or asthma were more likely to report COPD. Females were more likely to report COPD than males. Patients with COPD were more likely to be without health insurance when compared to those who did not have COPD, indicating unmet medical needs. Conclusion: Studies such as this one, aiming to evaluate the relationship between COPD prevalence and predictors of health and outcomes among Hispanic patients in the United States will remain important for developing health messaging to attenuate disease progression.