Acculturation to the United States has been previously studied in Spanish-speaking populations, but little is known about the potential relationship between acculturation and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Objective:
The purpose of this review was to explore the relationship between acculturation and T2DM in Spanish-speaking populations in the United States.
Methods:
Selected studies collected from a review of literature were analyzed by population, ethnicity, acculturation scale, and significance.
Results:
Thirty-two eligible articles showed conflicting data between the effects of acculturation on T2DM.
Conclusion:
Overall, studies yielded inconclusive results on the significance of the relationship between acculturation and diabetes in Spanish-speaking populations, which merit further investigation.
Abraído-LanzaA. F.ArmbristerA. N.FlórezK. R.AguirreA. N. (2006). Toward a theory-driven model of acculturation in public health research. American Journal of Public Health, 96(8), 1342–1362.
2.
Afable-MunsuzA.GregorichS. E.MarkidesK. S.Perez-StableE. J. (2013). Diabetes risk in older Mexican Americans: Effects of language acculturation, generation and socioeconomic status. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 28, 359–373.
3.
Afable-MunsuzA.MayedaE. R.Perez-StableE. J.HaanM. N. (2013). Immigrant generation and diabetes risk among Mexican Americans: The Sacramento area Latino study on aging. American Journal of Public Health, 104(S2), S243–S250.
4.
Aguayo-MazzucatoC.DiaqueP.HernandezS.RosasS.KosticA.CaballeroA. (2019). Understanding the growing epidemic of type 2 diabetes in the Hispanic population in the United States. Diabetes Metabolism Research and Reviews, 35(2), 1–40.
5.
AndersonC.ZhaoH.DanielC. R.Hromi-FiedlerA.DongQ.Elhor GibtoK. Y.WuX.ChowW. (2016). Acculturation and diabetes risk in the Mexican American Mano a Mano cohort. American Journal of Public Health, 106(3), 547–549.
6.
BerryJ.SamD. (1980). Acculturation and adaptation. In BerryJ.PoortingaY.PandayJ.SegallM.KagitcibasiC. (Eds.), Handbook of cross-cultural psychology: Social behaviors and applications (pp. 291–326). Allyn & Bacon.
7.
BudimanA.TamirC.MoraL., & Noe-Bustamante. (2020). Facts on U.S. immigrants, 2018. Pew Research Center.
8.
BurnerE.TerpS.LamC. N.NeillE.MenchineM.AroraS. (2019). Access to care, nativity and disease management among Latinos with diabetes in a safety-net healthcare setting. AIMS Public Health, 6(4), 488–501.
9.
CaballeroA. (2007). Type 2 diabetes in the Hispanic or Latino population: Challenges and opportunities. Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity, 14, 151–157.
10.
CarvajalS.HansonC. E.RomeroA. J.CoyleK. K. (2010). Behavioural risk factors and protective factors in adolescents: A comparison of Latinos and non-Latino whites. Ethnicity & Health, 7(3), 181–193.
11.
ChangJ.GuyM. C.RosalesC.de ZapienJ. G.StatenL. K.FernandezM. L.CarvajalS. C. (2013). Investigating social ecological contributors to diabetes within Hispanics in an underserved U.S.-Mexico border community. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 10(8), 3217–3232.
12.
CheungB. Y.ChudekM.HeineS. J. (2011). Evidence for a sensitive period for acculturation: Younger immigrants report acculturating at a faster rate. Psychological Science, 22(2), 147–152.
13.
ChudekM.CheungB. Y.HeineS. J. (2015). US immigrants’ patterns of acculturation are sensitive to their age, language, and cultural contact but show no evidence of a sensitive window for acculturation. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 15, 174–190.
14.
de HeerH. D.BalcazarH. G.Lee RosenthalE.CardenasV. M.SchulzL. O. (2011). Ethnic pride and cardiovascular health among Mexican American adults along the U.S.-Mexico border. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 33(2), 204–220.
15.
DownesM. J.BrennanM. L.WilliamsH. C.DeanR. S. (2016). Development of a critical appraisal tool to assess the quality of cross-sectional studies (AXIS). BMJ Open, 6(12), 1–7.
16.
FryarC. D.FakhouriT. H.CarrollM. D.FrenkS. M.OgdenC. L. (2020). The association of nativity/length of residence and cardiovascular disease risk factors in the United States. Preventive Medicine, 130, 1–14.
17.
GarciaL.GoldE. B.WangL.YangX.MaoM.SchwartzA. V. (2012). The relation of acculturation to overweight, obesity, pre-diabetes and diabetes among U.S. Mexican-American women and men. Ethnicity & Disease, 22(1), 58–64.
18.
GormanB. K.ReadJ. G.KruegerP. M. (2010). Gender, acculturation, and health among Mexican Americans. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 51(4), 440–457.
19.
HanniK. D.AhnD. A.WinklebyM. A. (2013). Signal detection analysis of factors associated with diabetes among semirural Mexican American adults. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 35(2), 260–277.
20.
HassonR. E.AdamT. C.PearsonJ.DavisJ. N.Spruijt-MetzD.GoranM. I. (2013). Sociocultural and socioeconomic influences on type 2 diabetes risk in overweight/obese African-American and Latino-American children and adolescents. Journal of Obesity, 2013, 1–9.
21.
HuffmanF. G.VaccaroJ. A.GundupalliD.ZariniG.DixonZ. (2012). Acculturation and diabetes self-management of Cuban Americans: Is age a protective factor?Ageing International, 37(2), 195–209.
22.
Hurtado-OrtizM. T.SantosS.ReynosaA. (2011). Health behaviors and health status of at-risk Latino students for diabetes. American Journal of Health Studies, 26(4), 196–207.
23.
KamodyR. C.GriloC. M.VasquezE.UdoT. (2021). Diabetes prevalence among diverse Hispanic populations: Considering nativity, ethnic discrimination, acculturation, and BMI. Eating and Weight Disorders—Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-021-01138-z.
24.
KimbroR. T. (2009). Acculturation in context: Gender, age at migration, neighborhood ethnicity, and health behaviors. Social Science Quarterly, 90(5), 1145–1166.
25.
Kollannoor-SamuelG.ChhabraJ.FernandezM. L.Vega-LópezS.PérezS. S.DamioG.CalleM. C.D’AgostinoD.Pérez-EscamillaR. (2011). Determinants of fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin among low income Latinos with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 13(5), 809–817.
26.
LopezL.GrantR. W.MarceauL.PiccoloR.McKinlayJ. B.MeigsJ. B. (2016). Association of acculturation and health literacy with prevalent dysglycemia and diabetes control among Latinos in the Boston Area Community Health (BACH) Survey. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 18, 1266–1273.
27.
MansyurC. L.RustveldL. O.NashS. G.Jibaja-WeissM. L. (2015). Social factors and barriers to self-care adherence in Hispanic men and women with diabetes. Patient Education and Counseling, 98(6), 805–810.
28.
MarsellaA.YamadaA. (2007). Culture and psychopathology. In KitayamaS.CohenD. (Eds.), Handbook of cultural psychology (pp. 797–818). The Guilford Press.
29.
MierN.SmithM. L.Carrillo-ZunigaG.WangX.GarzaN.OryM. (2012). Personal and cultural influences on diabetes self-care behaviors among older Hispanics born in the U.S. and Mexico. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 14(6), 1052–1062.
30.
MoherD.LiberatiA.TetzlaffJ.AltmanD. G., & The PRISMA Group. (2009). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. Annals of Internal Medicine, 151, 264–269.
31.
NokesB.SimY.GibsonB.ByreddyS.LabinerD. M.CoullB.ChongJ. (2015). Assessment of stroke risk in southern Arizona, the pairing of acculturation and stroke risk factor development. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 17(2), 513–518.
32.
O’BrienM. J.AlosV. A.DaveyA.BuenoA.WhitakerR. C. (2014). Acculturation and the prevalence of diabetes in US Latino adults, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2010. Preventing Chronic Disease, 11(E176), 1–11.
33.
O’BrienM. J.ShumanS. J.BarriosD. M.AlosV. A.WhitakerR. C. (2014). A qualitative study of acculturation and diabetes risk among urban immigrant Latinas: Implications for diabetes prevention efforts. The Diabetes Educator, 40(5), 616–625.
34.
OrtizS. E.PerezD. J.PonceN. A. (2015). The quality of diabetes management among Mexican adults in California. Medical Care, 53(9), 792–799.
35.
Pabon-NauL. P.CohenA.MeigsJ. B.GrantR. W. (2010). Hypertension and diabetes prevalence among U.S. Hispanics by country of origin: The National Health Interview Survey 2000-2005. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 25(8), 847–852.
36.
PlasenciaJ.HoerrS.CarolanM.WeatherspoonL. (2017). Acculturation and self-management perceptions among Mexican American adults with type 2 diabetes. Family and Community Health, 40(2), 121–131.
37.
RiosmenaF.WongR.PalloniA. (2013). Migration selection, protection, and acculturation in health: A binational perspective on older adults. Demography, 50(3), 1039–1064.
38.
RodriguezFHicksL. S.LópezL. (2012). Association of acculturation and country of origin with self-reported hypertension and diabetes in a heterogeneous Hispanic population. BMC Public Health, 12(768), 1–8.
39.
RossS. E.FranksS. F.HallJ.YoungR.CardarelliR. (2011). Levels of acculturation and effect on glycemic control in Mexicans and Mexican Americans with type 2 diabetes. Postgraduate Medicine, 123(1), 66–72.
40.
SalinasJ. J.de HeerH. D.LapeyrouseL. M.HeymanJ. M.BalcázarH. G. (2015). Insurance status is a greater barrier than income or acculturation to chronic disease screening in the Mexican origin population in El Paso, Texas. Hispanic Health Care International, 13(4), 197–208.
41.
SalinasJ. J.SheffieldK. M. (2011). English language use, health and mortality in older Mexican Americans. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 13, 232–238.
42.
Scollan-KoliopoulosM.SchechterC. B.CabanA.WalkerE. A. (2012). Hispanic acculturation, psychosocial functioning, and routine support for diabetes self-management. The Diabetes Educator, 38(5), 715–722.
43.
TaylorP.LopezM. H.MartinezJ.VelascoG. (2012). When labels don’t fit: Hispanics and their views of identity. Pew Research Center.
44.
TiendaM.MitchellF. (Eds.). (2006). Introduction: E pluribus plures or E pluribus unem? In Hispanics and the future of America (pp. 1–15). National Academies Press. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK19892/
U.S. Office of Management and Budget. (1995). Standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity. Federal Register, 60(166), 44674–44701.
50.
U.S. Office of Management and Budget. (1997). Recommendations from the Interagency Committee for the review of the racial and ethnic standards to the Office of Management and Budget concerning changes to the standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity. Federal Register, 62(131), 36874–36946.
51.
WhiteR. O.OsbornC. Y.GebretsadikT.KripalaniS.RothmanR. L. (2011). Development and validation of a Spanish diabetes-specific numeracy measure: DNT-15 Latino. Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics, 13(9), 893–898.
52.
YoshidaY. X.SimonsenN.ChenL.ZhangL.ScribnerR.TsengT. (2016). Sociodemographic factors, acculturation, and nutrition management among Hispanic American adults with self-reported diabetes. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 27(3), 1592–1607.
