A case of arterial leiomyosarcoma, which is encountered rarely, is presented. The case was a sixty-year-old woman. She was admitted with abdominal pain. A tumoral mass of 4 x 4 x 6 cm was determined on the right common iliac artery, by clinical and radiologic examination. The mass was excised along with the bifurcation of the iliac artery. The arterial continuity was provided by interpositioning a vascular graft. At the pathologic investigation, the mass was diagnosed as vascular leiomyosarcoma.
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