Bovine heterograft was widely used in the past for angio-access, revascular ization, and in some other different vas cular procedures. At first the technique was promising, but it ultimately became discouraging because of a high number of complications related to the use of foreign protein. This report describes a case in which bovine heterograft was used as an angio-access for chronic renal dialysis; its natural course and complication are reviewed in detail.
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