Because of its extremely powerful sclerosing effect, in our experience, ethanol can be considered the most efficacious agent in the percutaneous treatment of peripheral venous malformations. To reduce the risk of ethanol reflux into the superficial veins or the central venous system, we developed a simple but very efficacious technique. After the time necessary to obtain the sclerosing effect, we drain the ethanol with the same needle used to inject. The purpose of this article is to describe the technique of sclerotherapy with 96% ethanol for peripheral venous malformations and its effectiveness in reducing the serious complications of alcohol.
Lee BB, Do YS, Byun HS, Choo IW, Kim DI, Huh SHAdvanced management of venous malformation with ethanol scleroteraphy: mid-term results. J Vasc Surg. 2003;37(3):533-538.
Burrows PE, Masson KPPercutaneous treatment of low flow vascular malformations. J Vasc Int Radiol. 2004;15(5): 431-445.
6.
Mason KP, Michna EM, Zurakowski D., Koka BV, Burrows PESerum ethanol levels in children and adults after ethanol embolization or scleroteraphy for vascular anomalies. Radiology. 2000; 217(1):127-132.
7.
Puig S., Aref H., Brunelle F.Double-needle sclerotherapy of lymphangiomas and venous angiomas in children: a simple technique to prevent complications. Am J Roentgen . 2003;180(5):1399-1401.
