New York Can be Our Nation’s Center for Alzheimer’s Research

Abstract

More than 5 million people in this country have Alzheimer's disease, and more than 300,000 of those with Alzheimer's live in New York. By 2025, it is estimated that there will be 350,000 residents living with Alzheimer's in New York. Congressman Steve Israel and New York Assemblyman Charles Lavine issued a joint proposal in June, 2013 suggesting that New York become this country's center for Alzheimer's research. Obviously, they would both like to see increased federal funding, but they also know that we cannot count on that happening. So Israel and Lavine have proposed a $3 billion state bonding initiative to secure sufficient funding to tackle this disease. It would be similar to the bonding initiatives that have made California and Texas this nation's centers for stem cell and cancer research. The bond would provide a dedicated funding stream to support research to find effective means to treat, cure, and eventually prevent Alzheimer's, and fund programs to help people currently dealing with Alzheimer's and their caregivers.

New York already has some of the major “ingredients” to make an Alzheimer's bond initiative a success, including 3 of our nation's 29 Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers and some of the finest research facilities in the nation for genetic and neuroscience research. One can only imagine the synergy of having these world class institutions working on cooperative grants and projects with sufficient funding to attract even more world class researchers and scientists to New York to find ways to prevent, treat, and cure Alzheimer's.

More than 5 million people in this country have Alzheimer’s disease and more than 300 000 of those with Alzheimer’s live in New York. By 2025, it is estimated that there will be 350 000 residents living with Alzheimer’s in New York. ¹ Congressman Steve Israel and New York Assemblyman Charles Lavine issued a joint proposal in June 2013, suggesting that New York should become this country’s center for Alzheimer’s research. Noting that caring for people with Alzheimer’s is already costing this nation more than US$200 billion a year—costs expected to exceed US$1 trillion by 2050—and further noting that New York is home to some of the finest universities, health centers, and research facilities in the nation, Israel and Lavine have proposed a state-bonding initiative to secure sufficient funding to tackle this disease. Their bond proposal would provide a dedicated funding stream to support research to find effective means to treat, cure, and eventually prevent Alzheimer’s as well as consider new programs to help people with Alzheimer’s and their caregivers. According to Israel and Lavine, “Today’s investment in Alzheimer’s research could save millions of lives and billions of dollars for the nation’s public health programs, as well as create jobs.” ²

New York — this nation’s center for Alzheimer’s research? Shouldn’t we depend on the federal government to take the lead in such research? Unfortunately, we cannot depend on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to take the lead in such research, given their track record. Alzheimer’s research continues to be underfunded and of a relatively low priority when compared to NIH funding for other diseases. For example, in 2013 to 2014, NIH estimates it will spend about US$1 billion on Alzheimer’s research, US$6 billion on HIV/AIDS research, and US$12 billion on cancer research. ³ Recent and projected NIH funding for Alzheimer’s will simply not be enough to meet the expectation of finding effective means of prevention or treatment, let alone a cure, in the near future.

It is hard for a caregiver like me to make sense of this NIH funding imbalance. For example, HIV/AIDS has not been among the top 15 causes of death in this country since 1997 whereas Alzheimer’s is the sixth leading cause of death in this country. ⁴ From 2000 to 2010, deaths due to HIV/AIDS decreased 42% but during this same period deaths due to Alzheimer’s increased 68%. ⁵ Alzheimer’s is now the only disease among the top causes of death with no means of prevention, treatment, or cure. ⁶ And yet, HIV/AIDS research will receive US$6 for every US$1 going for Alzheimer’s research.

So what do Congressman Israel and Assemblyman Lavine propose be done to come up with more funding for Alzheimer’s research? Obviously, they would both like to see increased federal funding but they also know that we cannot count on that happening, especially now with federal sequestration budget limits in place. Their solution is a state-bonding initiative, one similar to those that have made California this nation’s center for stem cell research and Texas this nation’s center for cancer research.

The 2004 California initiative, known as proposition 71, provided US$3 billion in state general obligation bonds to fund stem cell research “and provide funding, through grants and loans, for such research and research facilities.” ⁷ The 2007 Texas bond issue, known as proposition 15, was also for US$3 billion in general obligation bonds to finance research grants with the hope of finding cures, treatments, and preventative measures for cancer. ⁸ Both bonding initiatives hold the promise of attracting the best researchers in those fields to come to their states to conduct their research.

New York already has in place some of the major “ingredients” to make an Alzheimer’s bond initiative a success. Major research universities are based in New York, including 3 of our nation’s 29 Alzheimer’s Disease Research Centers—at Columbia University, NYU, and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine.9 New York also has some of the finest research facilities in the nation, such as Long Island’s Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, one of the world’s leading centers for genetic and neuroscience research. One can only imagine the synergy of having these world class institutions working on cooperative grants and projects with sufficient funding to attract even more world class researchers and scientists to find ways to prevent, treat, and cure Alzheimer’s.

Both the California and Texas models also involved “ordinary” citizens in committee leadership roles so their voices could be heard. With Alzheimer’s, too often doctors and researchers ignore caregivers’ observations about diagnosis and treatment and their voices are not heard. The Advisory Committee for the National Alzheimer’s Project Act, signed into law in 2011 to set national priorities for Alzheimer’s research and programs, has only 1 member who is a full-time 24/7 caregiver. ¹⁰ More caregivers’ voices need to be heard when it comes to setting funding priorities to help those with Alzheimer’s and their caregivers. A state bond issue could make sure that Alzheimer’s caregivers’ voices are heard.

We must invest in research to find methods of effective prevention and treatment as well as a cure. Also, we must invest in more effective programs to help those already dealing with Alzheimer’s. A New York research model that involved caregivers to help set funding priorities would hear suggestions that too often do not reach those setting funding priorities. Caregivers would suggest the need for grants to local nonprofit organizations, such as the Long Island Alzheimer’s Foundation, to enable them to provide more support groups for people with Alzheimer’s and their caregivers and more social day care model programs for those with early to moderate stage Alzheimer’s. Caregivers could explain why ongoing training is needed for those who work each day with residents having Alzheimer’s disease in assisted living facilities and nursing homes. Caregivers could offer many helpful suggestions for new program initiatives if given an opportunity to have their voices heard at the state level.

For caregivers already dealing with loved ones experiencing moderate to severe Alzheimer’s, helpful discoveries through such research may come too late. Therefore, in addition to funding research on prevention, treatment, and a cure for Alzheimer’s, we must also provide funding for more effective programs to support those already dealing with Alzheimer’s right now.

Hopefully, Congressman Israel and Assemblyman Lavine can make their proposal become a reality. A US$3 billion bond issue, spread out over 20 to 30 years, can make New York our nation’s center for Alzheimer’s research and innovation. A bond issue could create new jobs and over time save the state money that otherwise would have been spent on Medicaid costs to care for New Yorkers with Alzheimer’s. And discoveries through research would benefit all people with Alzheimer’s wherever they live.

New York—our nation’s center for Alzheimer’s research? It’s a big idea for a big state. It’s an idea whose time has come.