What parallels can be drawn between the fierce responses (an attack on his morality, his scholarship, his ethnicity, etc.), Professor Ward Churchill draws from his critique of U.S. foreign policy and the average teacher who attempts to include counternarratives and Indigenous perspectives within their classroom. Within this article, the authors will not go in depth into Churchill’s thesis; rather, the authors use it as a “stepping stone” to discuss the challenges facing teachers who utilize critical pedagogy and Indigenous epistemologies to create transformative classrooms.
Achbar, M. (Producer & Director), Wintonick, P. (Producer), & Symansky, A. (Producer). ( 1994). Manufacturing consent: Noam Chomsky and the media/necessary illusions. New York: Zeitgeist Films Ltd (in coproduction with National Film Board of Canada).
2.
Ali, T. ( 2003). The clash of fundamentalisms: Crusades, jihads and modernity . London: Verso
3.
Battiste, M. ( 2005). Indigenous knowledge: Foundations for first nations. Available from http://www.win.hec.org/docs/pdfs/Journal/Marie%20Battiste%20copy.pdf .
4.
Berit, A.s. (2004). Master suppression techniques. Available from http://kilden.forskningsradet.no/c16881/artikkel/vis.html?tid=35123
5.
Bigelow, W. ( 1999). Discovering Columbus: Rereading the past. In I. Shor & C. Pari (Eds.), Education is politics: Critical teaching across differences, K-12. Portsmouth, NH: Cook Heinmann.
6.
Blum, W. ( 2005). Rogue state: A guide to the world’s only superpower . Augusta, ME: Common Courage Press .
7.
Chomsky, N. ( 2003). Power and terror: Post 9/11 talks and interviews. New York: Seven Stories Press.
8.
Chomsky, N., & Herman, E.S. ( 1988). Manufacturing consent: The political economy of the mass media. New York: Pantheon Books .
9.
Choudry, A. ( 2003). Namecalling: Mapping colonial fantasies. Available from http://www.zmag.org/sustainers/content/2003-02/16choudry.cfm
10.
Churchill, W. ( 2003). On the justice of roosting chickens: Consequences of American conquest and carnage. Oakland, CA: AK Press.
11.
Cortes, C. ( 1981) Mass media, multiculturalism and schools. In The children are watching (pp. 133-161). New York: Teachers College Press.
12.
Curry, B. ( 2006, April 11). Nunavut education in a shambles, report finds . Globe & Mail. Available from http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20060411.wxnunavut11/BNStory .
Glendinning, C. ( 2003). Introduction. In On the justice of roosting chickens: Consequences of American conquest and carnage. Oakland, CA: AK Press.
15.
Goddard, J.T. & Foster, R.Y. ( 2002). Adapting to diversity: Where cultures collide-Educational issues in Northern Alberta. Canadian Journal of Education , 27(1), 1-20. Available from http://www.csse.ca/CJE/Articles/FullText/CJE27-1/CJE27-102Goddard.pdf
16.
Grant, A. ( 2004). Finding my talk: How fourteen native women reclaimed their lives after residential school. Calgary, Alberta , Canada: Fifth House Ltd.
17.
Johnson, K., & Seelye, K. ( 2009, April). Jury says professor was wrongly fired. New York Times. Available from http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/03/us/03churchill.html?_r=1&hp
18.
Kincheloe, J.L., & Steinberg, S.R. (1997). Changing multiculturalism . London: Open University Press .
19.
Mander, J. ( 1991). In the absence of the sacred: The failure of technology and the survival of the Indian Nations. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books.
20.
McCue, H. ( 2006). An overview of federal and provincial policy trends in first nations’ education. Available from http://www.chiefs-ofontario.org/education/Manifesto/Manifesto%20Renewal.doc.
21.
McKenzie, Kwame. ( 2003). Big black and bad stereotyping. Available from http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/film/article758261.ece
22.
Pewewardy, C. ( 2000). Renaming ourselves on our own terms: Race, tribal nations, and representation in education. Indigenous Nations Studies Journal, 1, 1. Available from http://www.hanksville.org/storytellers/pewe/writing/Rename.html .
23.
Said, E. ( 1985). Orientalism. New York: Penguin.
24.
Sensoy, O. ( 2006, May 17). Asian heritage month not just for Asians. The Vancouver Sun, p. A17.
25.
Shaheen, Jack G. ( 2001). Reel Bad Arabs, New York: Olive Branch Press.
26.
Shor, I., & Freire, P. ( 1987). A pedagogy for liberation. Westport, CT: Bergin & Garvey Publishers, Inc.
27.
Smith, L.T. ( 1999). Decolonizing methodologies. London : Zed Books.
28.
Steinberg, S. ( 2004). The miseducation of the West: The hidden curriculum of Western-Muslim relations. Westport, CT: Green-wood Press.
29.
Steinberg, S.R., & Kincheloe, J.L. (2001). Setting the context for critical multi/interculturalism: The power blocs of class elitism, white supremacy, and patriarchy. In S. R. Steinberg (Ed.), Multi/ intercultural conversations: A reader. New York : Peter Lang.
30.
Stephenson, M.E. ( 2005). Cortés: Media repetition ingrains negative cultural stereotypes, manipulates viewers. Available from http://www.homepages.indiana.edu/011405/text/fyi.shtml
31.
Stonebanks, C.D. ( 2007). Muslim ways of knowing. In N. K. Denzin, Y. S. Lincoln, & L. T. Smith (Eds.), Handbook of critical and indigenous methodologies. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
32.
Stonebanks, C.D. ( 2008). James Bay Cree students and higher education: Issues of identity and culture shock. Rotterdam, Netherlands: Sense Publishers.
33.
Sweeney, M. ( 1999). Columbus, a hero? Rethinking Columbus in an elementary classroom. In I. Shor & C. Pari (Eds.), Education is politics: Critical teaching across differences, K-12. Portsmouth, NH: Boyton/Cook Heinemann.
34.
Tell, C. ( 2000). Generation what?Educational Leadership , 57(4), 8-13.
35.
Wright, W. ( 1992). Stolen continents: The new world through Indian Eyes since 1942. Boston: Houghton Mifflin .
36.
Yatt, John. ( 2003). Wraiths and race. Available fromhttp://film.guardian.co.uk/lordoftherings/news/0,11016,852217,00.html
37.
Zinn, H. ( 2003). A people’s history of the United States: 1492-present . New York: HarperCollins.
