Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Health care professionals require increased knowledge of health and disabilities to effectively implement health promotion initiatives at both the individual and group level for adults with intellectual disabilities (ID). The aim of this review is to examine the feasibility, reliability, and validity of various field-based measurements to assess body composition among adults with ID as compared to nondisabled controls. The literature was systematically searched from 1990 to 2017 for primary articles pertaining to the subject matter that were published in the English language and included only individuals ≥18 years of age. 1,989 studies were screened and 8 studies were included for review. Several field-based measurements for body composition are feasible and reliable yet none have been validated for use in adults with ID. Awareness of the various methods for assessing body composition in adults with ID in clinical practice, while simultaneously understanding their limitations, is necessary.

Keywords

intellectual disabilities body composition anthropometry

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. (2016). Evidence analysis manual: Steps in the academy evidence analysis process. Re-trieved from https://www.andeal.org/vault/2440/web/files/2016_April_EA_Manual.pdf

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

Bergman

R. N.

Stefanovski

Buchanan

T. A.

Sumner

A. E.

Reynolds

J. C.

Sebring

N. G.

. . . Watanabe

R. M.

(2011). A better index of body adiposity. Obesity (Silver Spring), 19, 1083-1089. doi:10.1038/oby.2011.38

Bittles

A. H.

Glasson

E. J.

(2004). Clinical, social, and ethical implications of changing life expectancy in Down syndrome. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 46, 282-286.

Brooker

van Dooren

McPherson

Lennox

Ware

(2015). A systematic review of interventions aiming to improve involvement in physical activity among adults with intellectual disability. Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 12, 434-444. doi:10.1123/jpah.2013-0014

Casey

A. F.

(2013). Measuring body composition in individuals with intellectual disability: A scoping review. Journal of Obesity, 2013, 628428. doi:10.1155/2013/628428

Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015). Assessing your weight. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/assessing/index.html

Daniell

Olds

Tomkinson

(2010). The importance of site location for girth measurements. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28, 751-757. doi:10.1080/02640411003645703

Deurenberg

Weststrate

J. A.

Seidell

J. C.

(1991). Body mass index as a measure of body fatness: Age- and sex-specific prediction formulas. British Journal of Nutrition, 65, 105-114.

10.

Emerson

E. M. R.

Graham

Llewellyn

Hatton

Robertson

(2011). The health of disabled people and the social determinants of health. Public Health, 125, 145-147.

11.

Esco

M. R.

Nickerson

B. S.

Bicard

S. C.

Russell

A. R.

Bishop

P. A.

(2016). Agreement of BMI-based equations and DXA in determining body-fat percentage in adults with Down syndrome. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 33, 89-96. doi:10.1123/apaq.2014-0240

12.

Fernhall

Figueroa

Collier

Goulopoulou

Giannopoulou

Baynard

(2005). Resting metabolic rate is not reduced in obese adults with Down syndrome. Mental Retardation, 43, 391-400. doi:10.1352/0047-6765(2005)43[391:rmrinr]2.0.co;2

13.

Gallagher

Heymsfield

S. B.

Heo

Jebb

S. A.

Murgatroyd

P. R.

Sakamoto

(2000). Healthy percentage body fat ranges: An approach for developing guidelines based on body mass index. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 72, 694-701.

14.

Havinga-Top

A. M.

Waninge

van der Schans

C. P.

Jager-Wittenaar

(2015). Feasibility of bioelectrical impedance analysis in persons with severe intellectual and visual disabilities. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 47, 126-134. doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2015.09.003

15.

Humphries

Traci

M. A.

Seekins

(2009). Nutrition and adults with intellectual or developmental disabilities: Systematic literature review results. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 47, 163-185. doi:10.1352/1934-9556-47.3.163

16.

Iwaoka

Yokoyama

Masayasu

Fuchi

Nakayama

Tanaka

(1998). Characteristics of energy metabolism in males with mental retardation. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (Tokyo), 44, 151-164.

17.

Jackson

A. S.

Pollock

M. L.

(2004). Generalized equations for predicting body density of men: 1978. British Journal of Nutrition, 91, 161-168.

18.

Jackson

A. S.

Pollock

M. L.

Ward

(1980). Generalized equations for predicting body density of women. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 12, 175-181.

19.

Jackson

A. S.

Stanforth

P. R.

Gagnon

Rankinen

Leon

A. S.

Rao

D. C.

. . . Wilmore

J. H.

(2002). The effect of sex, age and race on estimating percentage body fat from body mass index: The heritage family study. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders, 26, 789-796. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802006

20.

Kelly

L. E.

Rimmer

J. H.

(1987). A practical method for estimating percent body fat of adult mentally retarded males. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 4, 117-125.

21.

Krahn

G. L.

Fox

M. H.

(2014). Health disparities of adults with intellectual disabilities: What do we know? What do we do? Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 27, 431-446. doi:10.1111/jar.12067

22.

Kyle

U. G.

Bosaeus

De Lorenzo

A. D.

Deurenberg

Elia

Gomez

J. M.

. . . Pichard

(2004). Bioelectrical impedance analysis. Part II: Utilization in clinical practice. Clinical Nutrition, 23, 1430-1453.

23.

Lante

Reece

Walkley

(2010). Energy expended by adults with and without intellectual disabilities during activities of daily living. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31, 1380-1389. doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2010.06.022

24.

Lohman

T. G.

(1981). Skinfolds and body density and their relation to body fatness: A review. Human Biology, 53, 181-225.

25.

Magana

Parish

Morales

M. A.

Fujiura

(2016). Racial and ethnic health disparities among people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 54, 161-172.

26.

Mozaffarian

Benjamin

E. J.

A. S.

Arnett

D. K.

Blaha

M. J.

Cushman

. . . Turner

M. B.

(2015). Heart disease and stroke statistics-2015 update: A report from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 131, e29-322. doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000152

27.

Nickerson

B. S.

Esco

M. R.

Bicard

S. C.

Russell

A. R.

Williford

H. N.

Schaefer

(2015). Validity of the body adiposity index in adults with Down syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 38, 92-96. doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2014.12.010

28.

Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2016). Disability and health. Healthy People 2020. Retrieved from https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/disability-and-health

29.

Reichard

Stolzle

Fox

M. H.

(2011). Health disparities among adults with physical disabilities or cognitive limitations compared to individuals with no disabilities in the United States. Disability and Health Journal, 4, 59-67. doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2010.05.003

30.

Schalock

R. L.

Borthwick-Duffy

S. A.

Bradley

V. J.

Buntinx

W. H. E.

Coulter

D. L.

Craig

E. M.

. . . Yeager

M. H.

(2012). Users guide to intellectual disability: Definition, classification, and systems of supports. Washington, DC: American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.

31.

Spanos

Melville

C. A.

Hankey

C. R.

(2013). Weight management interventions in adults with intellectual disabilities and obesity: A systematic review of the evidence. Nutrition Journal, 12, 132. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-12-132

32.

Temple

V. A.

Walkley

J. W.

Greenway

(2010). Body mass index as an indicator of adiposity among adults with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual & Development Disability, 35, 116-120. doi:10.3109/13668251003694598

33.

Toth

de Lacy

King

B. H.

(2016). Intellectual disability. In Dulcan

M. K.

(Ed.), Dulcan’s textbook of child and adolescent psychiatry (2nd ed., pp. 105-133). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.

34.

Usera

P. C.

Foley

J. T.

Yun

(2005). Cross-validation of field-based assessments of body composition for individuals with Down syndrome. Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, 22, 198-206.

35.

Verstraelen

C. J. F.

Maaskant

M. A.

van Knijff-Raeven

A. G. M.

Curfs

L. M. G.

van Schrojenstein Lantman-de Valk

H. M. J.

(2009). Weighing the weights: Agreement among anthropometric indicators identifying the weight status of people with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 22, 307-313.

36.

Waninge

Ligthart

K. A.

Kramer

Hoeve

van der Schans

C. P.

Haisma

H. H.

(2010). Measuring waist circumference in disabled adults. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 31, 839-847. doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2010.02.009

37.

Waninge

van der Weide

Evenhuis

I. J.

van Wijck

van der Schans

C. P.

(2009). Feasibility and reliability of body composition measurements in adults with severe intellectual and sensory disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 53, 377-388. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.2009.01153.x

38.

Womersley

(1977). A comparison of the skinfold method with extent of “overweight” and various weight-height relationships in the assessment of obesity. British Journal of Nutrition, 38, 271-284.

39.

World Health Organization. (2008a). Closing the gap in a generation: Health equity through action on the social determinants of health. Geneva, Switzerland: Author. Retrieved from http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43943/1/9789241563703_eng.pdf

40.

World Health Organization. (2008b). Waist circumference and waist-hip ratio: Report of a WHO expert consultation Geneva, Switzerland: Author. Retrieved from http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/44583/1/9789241501491_eng.pdf

41.

Wormser

Kaptoge

Di Angelantonio

Wood

A. M.

Pennells

Thompson

. . . Danesh

(2011). Separate and combined associations of body-mass index and abdominal adiposity with cardiovascular disease: Collaborative analysis of 58 prospective studies. Lancet, 377, 1085-1095. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60105-0

Body Composition in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Implications for Practice

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References