The capacity of the state to delivery healthcare has been affected by a number of factors and is intimately interconnected with the process of globalisation. This has led to a changing political economy and new context for health care financing, not only for the NHS, but for Europe and beyond. This paper considers these changes and explains the process of policymaking that led to the NHS internal market reforms of the 1990s.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
AltenstetterC and BjörkmanJ(Eds.) (1997) Health Policy Reform, National Variations and Globalization, London, Macmillan.
2.
BaconR and EltisW(1976), Britains Economic Problem: Too Few Producers, London, Macmillan.
3.
BartlettW and Le Grand J (Eds.) (1993) Quasi-Markets and Social Policy, London, Macmillan.
4.
BergmanS-E (1998) ‘Swedish Models of Health Care reform : A Review and Assessment’, International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 132 : 91–106.
5.
BravermanH (1998 : 25th Anniversary Edition), Labour and Monopoly Capital, New York, Monthly Review Press.
6.
CernyP and EvansM(1998) The Competition State, Paper presented to the Annual Conference of the Political Studies Association of the UK, Keele University.
7.
CoatesD and HayC(2000) ‘Home and Away? the Political Economy of New Labour’, Paper presented to the Annual Conference of the Political Studies Association of the UK, LSE and CollegeBirkbeck, London, April.
8.
Department of Health (1997) The New NHS: Modern and Dependable, London, the Stationery Office.
9.
Department of Health (2000) The NHS Plan, London, the Stationery Office.
10.
DownsA (1957) An Economic Theory of Democracy, New York, Harper and Row.
11.
DunleavyP (1989) Democracy, Bureaucracy and Public Choice, London, Harvester Wheatsheaf.
12.
ExworthyM and HalfordA(Eds.) (1999) Professionals and the New Managerialism in the Public Sector, Buckingham, Open University Press.
13.
GalbraithJ K (1992) The Culture of Contentment, London, Sinclair-Stevenson.
14.
GrayJ (1998) False Dawn: the Delusions of Global Capitalism, London, Granta.
15.
GreerS (1998) ‘Why Won't Companies Reduce their Costs? Universal Health Care and the Flexible Corporation’, Paper to the PSA Health Politics Specialist Group Conference, Mansfield College, Oxford, January.
16.
HarrisonM and CalltorpJ(1999) ‘The Reorientation of Market-Oriented Reform in Swedish Health Care’, Paper presented to Paton, C et al (2000).
17.
HillM (1997) The Policy Process in the Modern State, London, Harvester Wheatsheaf.
18.
JessopB (1994) in BurrowsR and Loader B (eds.), Towards a Post-Fordist Welfare State?, London, Routledge.
19.
LeysC (1999) ‘Intellectual Mercenaries and the Public Interest’, Policy and Politics, vol 27No. 4.
20.
Marx K Capital (Karl Marx, Frederick Engels, Collected Works, Moscow, Progress Publishers/New York, International Publishers Co. Inc./London, Lawrence and Wishart) See also.
21.
MarcuseH (1955) Reason and Revolution, London, Routledge and PaulKegan, Part II, I, 6;
22.
McLellanD (1977), Karl Marx : Selected Writings, Oxford, Oxford University Press; and Wheen, F (1999) Karl Marx, London, Fourth Estate.
23.
MilburnA (2002) Speech to New Health Network, January 15.
24.
MoranM (1999) Governing the Health Care State, Manchester, Manchester University Press.
25.
NavarroV (1978) Class Struggle, the State and Medicine London, Martin Robertson.
26.
O'ConnorJ (1973) The Fiscal Crisis of the State, New York, Harper and Row.
27.
OlsonM (1971) The Logic of Collective Action, Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press.
28.
OsborneD and GaeblerT(1993), T Reinventing GovernmentNew York, Plume.
29.
PatonC (2003) The State of the Healthcare State, Cambridge, Judge Institute.
30.
PatonC (2002) ‘Cheques and Checks’, in Powell, M (Ed) Evaluating New Labour's Welfare Reforms, Bristol, Policy Press.
31.
PatonC (2000), World Class, Britain : Political Economy, Political Theory and Public Policy, London, Macmillan.
32.
PatonC et al with BellangerM-M, BermanP, BusseR and HunterD (2000), The Impact of Market Forces on Health Systems: A Review of Evidence in the 15 European Union Member States, Dublin, European Health Management Association (for European Commission).
33.
PatonC (1999a) Commentary on ‘Intellectual M ercenaries and the Public Interest’, Policy and Politics, vol 21No 4.
34.
PatonC (1999b) ‘New Labour's Health Policy: the New Healthcare State’, in Powell, M (Ed.), New Labour, New Welfare State?, Bristol, Policy Press.
35.
PatonC et al (1998) Competition and Planning in the NHS 2nd Ed. : the Consequences of the Reforms, Cheltenham, Stanley Thornes.
36.
PatonC (1996) ‘The Clinton Plan’, in C. Bailey et al (Eds.) Developments in American Politics, London, Macmillan.
37.
PatonC (1995b) ‘Present dangers and future threats: some perverse incentives in the NHS reforms’, British Medical Journal,May13.
38.
PatonC (1995b) ‘Contriving Competition’, Health Service Journal,Feb13.
39.
PatonC (1992) Competition and Planning in the NHS : the Danger of Unplanned Markets (1st Ed.), London, Chapman and Hall.
40.
PriceDPollockA and ShaoulJ(1999) ‘How the WTO is shaping domestic policies in healthcare’, Lancet, 354,Nov27.
41.
PowellM (2000) ‘Analysing the ‘New’ British National Health Service’, International Journal of Health Planning and Management, Vol. 15 No. 2, 89–102.
42.
RileyD (1998), ‘Providers or Enablers?…’ Paper presented to PSA Politics of Health Specialist Group, Mansfield College, Oxford, January.
43.
RobinsonR and SteinerA(1998), Managed Health Care, Buckingham, Open University Press.
44.
SaltmanRBusseRMossialosE(eds) (2002) Regulating Entrepreneurial Behaviour in European Health Care Systems, Buckingham, Open University Press (for European Observatory on Health Care Systems).
45.
SegallM (2000) From Co-operation to Competition in National Health Systems - and back?: Impact on Professional Ethics and Quality of Care, International Journal of Health Planning and Management, vol 15No 1.
46.
SkocpolT (1997) Boomerang: Health Care Reform and the Turn Against Government, 2nd Ed., New York, W.W. Norton.
47.
PoulantzasN (1973) Political Power and Social Classes, London, New Left Books.
48.
WarnerM in LeeK (Ed) (1994) Health Care Systems : Can They Deliver?, Keele, Staffs., Keele University Press.
49.
World Health Organisation (2000) The World Health Report 2000 Health Systems: Improving Performance, Geneva, WHO.
