The problem and the solution. Synthesizing findings from five selected case studies reflective of high-transitioning countries in the developing world, this article proposes a number of comparative discoveries about the necessary role and nature of national human resource development in this context. One such discovery is the influence of the political, economic, and sociocultural environments on the necessary nature and role of national human resource development in each country. A second is that context and intent shape and inform what makes for responsible human resource development. Another is that discoveries from this and other studies suggest emerging models and necessary attributes, components, and dimensions useful for informing an integrative and collaborative theoretical and sense-making framework for future study and practice of national human resource development. These and other discoveries pose numerous challenges to the human resource development profession—challenges that will require fundamental reperceiving by its professionals.
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