To what extent is the design of American schooling adapted to the lofty aspirations educators have enunciated during the last century? I first enumerate these aspirations as well as the basic design of schooling; then I evaluate the match. After highlighting the limitations of the basic design, I point to some alternative settings offering greater likelihood of realizing these aspirations? In the conclusion, I identify three stances one might adopt with respect to the results of the analysis.
American Bar Association Network.`Teen court: A national movement'. Technical Assistance Bulletin: No. 17.Available at http://www.abanet.org/publiced/youth/teencourts_whatare.html
2.
Boisvert, R. (1998) John Dewey: Rethinking our Time. Albany, NY: State University of New York.
3.
Cohen, E. (1972) Designing Groupwork: Strategies for the Heterogeneous Classroom. New York and London: Teachers College Press.
4.
Cohen, E.G. (2001). `Equitable classrooms in a changing society', in M. Hallinan (ed.) Handbook of the Sociology of Education, pp. 265-83. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum.
5.
Cremin, L.A., ed. (1957) The Republic and The School: Horace Mann On the Education of Free Men. New York: Teachers College Press.
6.
Damon, W. (2001) `To not fade away: Restoring civil identity among the young', in D. Ravitch and J. Viteritti (eds) Making Good Citizens: Education and Civil Society, pp. 122-41, New Haven & London: Yale University Press.
7.
Fuller, L.L. (1969) The Morality of Law (revised edition). New Haven: Yale University Press.
8.
Gamaron, A. (1987) `The stratification of high school learning opportunities' , Sociology of Education60(1): 135-55.
9.
Good, H. (2001) `One big family', Education Week , 43.
10.
Joas, H. (2001) `Values versus norms: Aa pragmatist account of moral objectivity', The Hedgehog Review3(3): 42-56.
11.
Kliebard, H. (1999) Schooled to Work: Vocationalism and the American Curriculum, 1876-1946. New York: Teachers College Press.
12.
Kubey, R. and Csikszentmihalyi, M. (2002) `Television addiction' , Scientific American296(2): 74-81.
13.
Maran, M. (2000) Class Dismissed: A Year in the Life of an American High School: A Glimpse into the Heart of a Nation. New York: St Martin's Press.
14.
Metz, M. (2001) `Real school: A universal drama amid disparate experience', in J. Ballantyne and J. Spade (eds) Schools & Society: A Sociological Approach to Education, pp. 123-35. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.
15.
McLaughlin, M.W., Irby, M.A. and Langman, J.( 1994) Urban Sanctuaries: Neighborhood Organizations in the lives and Futures ofInner-CityYouth. San Francisco: Jossey Bass.
16.
Neill,A.S. (1960) Summerhill:A Radical Approach to Child Rearing . New York: Hart.
17.
Nozick, R. (2001) Invariances: The Structure of the Objective World . Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
18.
Pink, D. (2001) `School's out', Reason33(5): 28-35.
19.
Tyack, D. and Cuban, L. (1995) Tinkering toward Utopia: A Century of Public School Reform. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.