Multi-acoustic source localization (MASL) technique has important applications in the early warning and maintenance of spherical structures. Without solving complex nonlinear equations and without knowing the wave velocity distribution a priori, this work demonstrates the feasibility of MASL on the surface of spherical structures using L-shaped sensor clusters. The positions of multiple acoustic sources can be localized using only time difference of arrival values. Relative location determination and relative probability density analysis have been presented and verified to eliminate two types of pseudo-sources. Simulations are performed for isotropic and anisotropic spherical shells. The proposed technique is validated experimentally for stainless steel spherical shells. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed technique can enable MASL in spherical structures without knowing the wave velocity in the material.
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