Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is increasingly common and a significant proportion of individuals are undiagnosed. Around 15—20% of the adult population have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG) and are at an increased risk of subsequently developing diabetes.

There is a wealth of information regarding the practicalities of various methods of screening for diabetes, and to a lesser extent for IGT. For diabetes screening a targeted approach is preferred. A fasting plasma glucose (FPG) followed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) if FPG is between 5.5—6.9 mmol/L is recommended. In detecting pre-diabetes (IGT or IFG) risk factor questionnaires and risk scores are the preferred option but these require further evaluation.

Keywords

type 2 diabetes impaired glucose tolerance screening risk factors.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

American Diabetes Association and National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2002;25:742-9.

Engelgau MM , Narayan KM , Herman WH Screening for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2000;23:1563-80.

National Service Framework for Diabetes Implementation Groups. National Service Framework for Diabetes: Delivery Strategy ; 2003.

Schneider H. , Ehrlich M. , Lischinski M. , Schneider H.

Did the intensive glycosuria screening of the sixties and seventies in East Germany improve the survival prognosis of early detected diabetics?

Diab Stoffw 1996 ;5: 33-8.

Diabetes UK. Position Statement. Early identification of people with type 2 diabetes. 2002.

World Health Organization. Screening for type 2 diabetes. Report of a WHO and IDF meeting. Geneva: WHO, 2003.

American Diabetes Association : Screening for diabetes (Position Statement). Diabetes Care 2002;24:S21-S24.

Tringham JR , Davies MJ , Jarvis J. , Thomson J. , Farooqi A. , Khunti K. Effectiveness of fasting plasma glucose and HbA1C as a screening test for type 2 diabetes in south Asians and white Europeans in Leicestershire . Diabet Med 2004;21:A53.

Davies MJ , Williams DRR , Metcalf J. , Day DL Community screening for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: self testing for post-prandial glycosuria. QJ Med 1993;86:677-84.

10.

Jesudason DR , Leong D. , Dunstan K. , Wittert GA Macrovascular risk and diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2003;26:485-90.

11.

Kilpatrick ES , Maylor PW , Keevil BG Biological variation of glycated haemoglobin. Implications for diabetes screening and monitoring . Diabetes Care 1998;21:261-5.

12.

Park PJ , Griffin SJ , Sargeant L. , Wareham NJ The performance of a risk score in predicting undiagnosed hyperglycaemia . Diabetes Care 2002; 25:984-8.

13.

Lindstrom J. , Tuomilehto J. The Diabetes Risk Score. Diabetes Care 2003; 26:725-31.

14.

Tuomilehto J. , Lindstrom J. , Eriksson JG et al. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med 2001;344:1343-50.

15.

Pan X. , Li G. , Hu Y. et al. Effects of diet and exercise in preventing NIDDM in people with impaired glucose tolerance; the Da Qing IGT Diabetes Study. Diabetes Care 1997;20:537-44.

16.

Shaw JE , Zimmet PZ , de Courten M. et al. Impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. Diabetes Care 1999;22:399-402.

17.

The CDC Diabetes Cost-Effectiveness Study Group. The cost-effectiveness of screening for type 2 diabetes . JAMA 1998;280:1757-63.

18.

Hoerger TJ , Harris R. , Hicks K. , Donahue K. , Sorensen S. , Engelgau M. Screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cost-effectiveness analysis . Ann Intern Med 2004;140:689-99.

Screening for IGT and diabetes

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References