OBJECTIVE: Gliomas are the most common primary tumours of the central nervous system. Snake venom, such as candoxin (CDX) isolated from Bungarus candidus, inhibits glioma cell proliferation. This study explored the gene regulation profile of CDX-treated human glioma Hs683 cells. METHODS: Using microarray technology and bioinformatics analyses the underlying molecular mechanism of action of CDX was evaluated by constructing gene regulation and protein—protein interaction coexpression networks. RESULTS: CDX treatment induced a large number of related genes at the transcriptional level. The MYC gene (v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homologue [avian]) had a key role in the response of Hs683 cells to CDX treatment. Activation of MYC upregulated NDRG1 (N-myc downstream regulated 1), WNT10B (wingless-type mouse mammary tumour virus integration site family, member 10B), CASP9 (caspase 9, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase) and CDKN2A (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A), and downregulated ID3 (inhibitor of DNA binding 3, dominant negative helix—loop—helix protein) and SLC1A4 (solute carrier family 1 [glutamate/neutral amino acid transporter], member 4). In addition, a subnetwork was constructed among SPP1 (secreted phosphoprotein 1), SDC1 (syndecan 1) and CD44 based on protein—protein interactions, and these genes were predicted to be involved in glioma cell invasion. CONCLUSION: These findings might provide novel therapeutic targets for glioma chemotherapy.
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