Effect of Intrarectal Prostaglandin E 2 Analogue (Enprostil) on Trinitrobenzenesulphonic Acid-Induced Colitis in Rats

Abstract

Prostaglandins exert a protective effect on colonic mucosa in experimentally induced colitis. This study investigated the effect of enprostil, a prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) analogue, on trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. Each rat received a rectal enema containing TNBS (30 mg), followed 24 h later by intrarectal once-daily enprostil (200 μg). Enprostil-treated and control rats were killed on day 3 (enprostil group, n = 5; control, n = 6) or day 10 (enprostil group, n = 5; control, n = 5) after TNBS treatment. The area of damaged mucosa of the colon was measured relative to the total colonic area. We also determined the macroscopic score of mucosal damage, and measured PGE₂, 6-ketoprostaglandin F_1α (6-keto-PGF_1α) and thromboxane B₂ (TXB₂) concentration in portal vein blood samples. Enprostil significantly reduced both the area of damaged mucosa (including the ulcer area) and the macroscopic score after 3 days' treatment compared with control. Similarly, enprostil significantly reduced plasma concentration of PGE₂, 6-keto-PGF_1α and TXB₂ during the acute phase at day 3 of treatment compared with control, but not at day 10. These results suggest that PGE₂ enema may have therapeutic potential for treating patients with proctitis or left-sided colitis.