This paper proposes a capacity configuration method for a microgrid composed of a photovoltaic (PV) power generation system and a hybrid energy storage system (battery storage + supercapacitors). The core of this method involves constructing a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model and incorporating a battery aging model to determine the retirement time of the energy storage system, thereby optimizing the microgrid capacity configuration. Additionally, this paper explores the integration of supercapacitors (SCs) into the microgrid capacity configuration to effectively mitigate battery aging, enhancing the economic performance and operational efficiency of the microgrid. The proposed method is validated through real-world case studies, demonstrating its practical applicability in microgrid development. Moreover, the case study analysis compares the proposed method with traditional methods that do not consider battery aging factors and conducts a sensitivity analysis regarding changes in energy storage procurement cost parameters. The results demonstrate that the proposed method not only effectively addresses the challenges posed by battery aging but also offers superior economic and technical performance in microgrid optimization planning and capacity configuration.
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