The successful implementation of total quality management (TQM) in an organization requires adopting the right cultural approach. In many Southeast Asian societies, the influence of Confucianism on leadership style, social values and work attitudes has affected TQM practices. This article examines Confucius' influence on the structure and criteria emphases of Southeast Asian National Quality Awards (NQAs) that have sprung up in the past decade. The framework of the Singapore Quality Award serves as an appropriate comparator. Ten Confucian principles on leadership, organizational culture and work values were analyzed. Their applicability to the development of NQAs and to the long-term success of total quality organizations is discussed.
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