This article examines the gendering of Palestinian citizenship that occurred in the decade immediately following the creation of the Palestinian Authority (PA). Based on extensive interviews, official documents and personal experience, it traces the evolution of women’s political, social and economic actions from the early charitable societies to a popular mass women’s movement. The article focuses on the secular, donor-driven proliferation of professional institutions emphasizing the externally imposed restrictions that defend the Palestinian Authority from charges of ‘neo-patrimonialism’, while at the same time offering a critique of the limitations of NGOs and institutions of ‘civil society’ existing in such a situation.
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