Engineering a biomechanical model: Simulating the impact of non-Newtonian rheology on flow through a trapezoidal arterial constriction

Abstract

This work uses Cross-Williamson fluid model to investigate hemodynamics in a trapezoidally stenosed artery. Cross-Williamson fluid model, which explains rheological behavior of blood, captures its shear-thinning and time-dependent properties quite well. For accurate hemodynamic modeling, these features are crucial, especially in arterial disorders like stenosis. Investigating the effects of two significant rheological parameters, power index and relaxation time, on the velocity, pressure, shear rate, heat flux, Reynold number and temperature profiles within stenosed artery is the aim of study. Understanding how these characteristics affect heat transfer and hemodynamic forces is intended to shed light on potential outcomes for cardiovascular disorders. The momentum, energy, and continuity equations are among the mathematical formulas that are constructed. Weak formulation of these equations is produced using the finite element method (FEM) for the mathematical solution. The FEM provides a robust foundation for handling complex geometries and boundary conditions. According to the study, the model significantly alters the various temperature, pressure, and velocity profiles under different conditions. Shear-thinning behavior resulted in higher velocities and decreased wall pressure in the stenotic area. Furthermore, the trapezoidal form emphasizes the impact of non-Newtonian behavior on hemodynamics. These findings expand our knowledge and help to develop better diagnostic strategies.