With the development of car body lightweight technology, and the popularization of power dispersion technology, the dynamic coupling effects between the car body elastic deformation, passengers, underbody equipment, and railway vehicles have become increasingly significant. In this article, a new underbody equipment-passenger-vehicle-track vertical coupling dynamic model is developed. In the model, the dynamic interaction among the passengers, car body elastic deformation, traction converter, traction motor cooling fan, railway vehicle, and track system is fully included. Besides, the self-excitation of the traction converter and traction motor cooling fan, and the track irregularity is comprehensively considered. The proposed model is validated by high-speed train field test. By comparing with the classic vehicle-track coupling vertical dynamics model, the effects of passengers, underbody equipment, and car body elastic deformation on trains dynamic response are discussed. Additionally, the dynamic characteristics of the car body, seat cushion, and human body at different seat positions are analyzed. This model can more accurately reveal the dynamic interactions between the car body and various coupling factors, especially in analyzing the railway vehicle's ride comfort and car body vibration, which has a significant advantageous.
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