This article focuses on the role played by Mao Zedong in the making of the Chinese
communist legal system in general and in the Chinese practice of the death penalty
under Mao in particular. It attempts to study this link through an analysis of an
event which represented a landmark, namely the campaign of the regression against
counterrevolutionaries launched in 1950—2, and through an examination of
three specific cases, which enable us to observe the concrete characteristics of
these practices, whose effects continue to be felt in today's China.
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