Rethinking the problem of misinformation and its solutions

Abstract

The way a problem is framed shapes its solutions. This article reframes the problem of misinformation and examines the implications of this shift for interventions against misinformation. It advances five arguments that challenge common narratives about misinformation and invite us to rethink both the problem and its solutions. For instance, exposure to misinformation is lower than often believed, people are less gullible than commonly assumed, and misinformation often reflects, rather than causes, underlying sociopolitical issues. These insights point toward strategies that address the root causes of the problem rather than surface symptoms. Key shifts include focusing on the demand for misinformation, fostering trust in reliable sources, and strengthening democratic institutions. Combating misinformation effectively requires a clear understanding of the problem and a break with popular misconceptions about it.