Strain,torsion and refractive index sensors based on helical long period fibre grating inscribed in small-core fibre for structural condition monitoring
Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online April, 2021
Strain,torsion and refractive index sensors based on helical long period fibre grating inscribed in small-core fibre for structural condition monitoring
This study is intended to develop long period fibre grating sensors for potential applications in environmental and durability monitoring of coastal structures. High-quality helical long period fibre gratings (HLPFGs) are inscribed in different types of small-core single mode fibre (SMF) by use of hydrogen-oxygen flame heating technique. A detailed investigation of the effect of core diameter on their transmission spectrum and optimum length of the HLPFG has been pursued. A longer length is required to achieve the same coupling attenuation in a smaller-core SMF than that of a larger-core fibre. The strain, torsion and refractive index (RI) properties of the HLPFG is investigated experimentally to develop a high-sensitivity sensor. The experimental results show that the strain sensitivity could be enhanced by means of employing a larger-core diameter SMF. Moreover, the HLFPGs are also sensitive to the torsion and external RI. Hence, such HLFPGs have great potential for sensing applications.
CorresJMVillarIDMatiasIR, et al. (2007) Fibre-optic pH-sensors in long-period fibre gratings using electrostatic self-assembly. Optics Letters32: 29–31.
3.
FuCLLiuSBaiZY, et al. (2018b) Orbital angular momentum mode converter based on helical long period fibre grating inscribed by hydrogen-oxygen flame. Journal of Lightwave Technology36: 1683–1688.
4.
FuCLLiuSWangY, et al. (2018a) High-order orbital angular momentum mode generator based on twisted photonic crystal fibre. Optics Letters43: 1786–1789.
5.
FuCLZhongXYLiaoCR, et al. (2015) Thin-core-fibre-based long-period fibre grating for high-sensitivity refractive index measurement. IEEE Photonics Journal7: 7103208.
6.
InoueGWangPLiH (2016) Flat-top band-rejection filter based on two successively-cascaded helical fibre gratings. Optics Express24: 5442–5447.
7.
JiangCLiuYQZhaoYH, et al. (2019) Helical long-period gratings inscribed in polarization-maintaining fibres by CO2 laser. Journal of Lightwave Technology37: 889–896.
8.
LauKTYuanLBZhouLM, et al. (2001) Strain monitoring in FRP laminates and concrete beams using FBG sensors. Composite Structures51: 9–20.
LiZLLiuSBaiZY, et al. (2018b) Residual-stress-induced helical long period fibre gratings for sensing applications. Optics Express26: 24113–24122.
11.
NguyenTHVenugopalaTChenS, et al. (2014) Fluorescence based fibre optic pH sensor for the pH 10-13 range suitable for corrosion monitoring in concrete structures. Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical191: 498–507.
12.
NiYQDingSQHanBG, et al. (2019) Layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolytes-wrapped multi-walled carbon nanotubes on long period fibre grating sensors. Sensors and Actuators B-Chemical301: 127120.
13.
OhSTLeeKRPaekUC, et al. (2004) Fabrication of helical long-period fibre gratings by use of a CO2 laser. Optics Letters29: 1464–1466.
14.
PeiHFLiZJLiY (2016) Early-age shrinkage and temperature optimization for cement paste by using PCM and MgO based on FBG sensing technique. Construction and Building Materials117: 58–62.
15.
RenKLRenLYLiangJ, et al. (2016) Online fabrication scheme of helical long-period fibre grating for liquid-level sensing. Applied Optics55: 9675–9679.
16.
ShenXHuXWYangLY, et al. (2017) Helical long-period grating manufactured with a CO2 laser on multicore fibre. Optics Express25: 10405–10412.
17.
ShinWYuBANohYC, et al. (2007) Bandwidth-tunable band-rejection filter based on helicoidal fibre grating pair of opposite helicities. Optics Letters32: 1214–1216.
18.
SunBWeiWLiaoCR, et al. (2017) Automatic arc discharge-induced helical long period fibre gratings and its sensing applications. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters29: 873–876.
19.
SunTGrattanKTVSrinivasanS, et al. (2012) Building stone condition monitoring using specially designed compensated optical fibre humidity sensors. IEEE Sensors Journal12: 1011–1017.
20.
WangJN (2011) A microfluidic long-period fibre grating sensor platform for chloride ion concentration measurement. Sensors11: 8550–8568.
21.
WangPLiHP (2016) Helical long-period grating formed in a thinned fibre and its application to a refractometric sensor. Applied Optics55: 1430–1434.
22.
WongGKLKangMSLeeHW, et al. (2012) Excitation of orbital angular momentum resonances in helically twisted photonic crystal fibre. Science337: 446–449.
23.
XiXWongGKLWeissT, et al. (2013) Measuring mechanical strain and twist using helical photonic crystal fibre. Optics Letters38: 5401–5404.
24.
XiXMWongGKLFroszMH, et al. (2014) Orbital-angular-momentum-preserving helical Bloch modes in twisted photonic crystal fibre. Optica1: 165–169.
25.
ZhangLLiuYQZhaoYH, et al. (2016) High sensitivity twist sensor based on helical long-period grating written in two-mode fibre. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters28: 1629–1632.
26.
ZhangYBaiZYFuCL, et al. (2019) Polarization-independent orbital angular momentum generator based on a chiral fibre grating. Optics Letters44: 61–64.
27.
ZhaoHWangPYamakawaT, et al. (2019) All-fibre second-order orbital angular momentum generator based on a single-helix helical fibre grating. Optics Letters44: 5370–5373.
28.
ZhaoYYLiuSLuoJX, et al. (2020) Torsion, refractive index, and temperature sensors based on an improved helical long period fibre grating. Journal of Lightwave Technology38: 2504–2510.
29.
ZhuCLYamakawaTZhaoH, et al. (2018) All-fibre circular polarization filter realized by using helical long-period fibre gratings. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters30: 1905–1908.
